How do memory cells contribute to long-term immunity?
Memory cells directly attack pathogens in the body.
Memory cells produce antibodies upon initial pathogen exposure.
Memory cells recognize and respond rapidly to previously encountered pathogens.
Memory cells regulate the body's temperature during an infection.
The Correct Answer is C
Explanation: Memory cells recognize and respond rapidly to previously encountered pathogens. Memory cells are a type of immune cell that are formed after an initial infection or vaccination. They "remember" the specific pathogen and allow the immune system to mount a faster and stronger response upon subsequent exposures to the same pathogen, providing long-term immunity.
Incorrect choices:
a. Memory cells do not directly attack pathogens in the body. They serve as a form of immune "memory" to help the body respond more effectively to future infections.
b. Memory cells do not produce antibodies upon initial pathogen exposure. B cells are responsible for producing antibodies in response to the pathogen.
d. Memory cells do not regulate the body's temperature during an infection. Temperature regulation is mainly controlled by the hypothalamus in the brain in response to infection or other stimuli.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Explanation: Passive immunity. Passive immunity is acquired when preformed antibodies are transferred from one individual to another. In this case, the mother's antibodies are transferred to her baby through breast milk, providing temporary protection against certain infections.
Incorrect choices:
a. Active immunity is acquired when the immune system is exposed to a pathogen or vaccination, leading to the production of memory cells and long-term protection.
b. Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense against infections and is not transferred from the mother to the baby but rather present from birth.
c. Adaptive immunity is another term for acquired immunity and involves the production of memory cells after exposure to a specific pathogen or vaccination. It is not transferred through breast milk.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Explanation: Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system attacks and damages the salivary and lacrimal glands, resulting in dry eyes and dry mouth.
Incorrect choices:
a. Rheumatoid arthritis primarily affects the joints, causing inflammation and joint damage.
c. Crohn's disease is an autoimmune disorder that affects the gastrointestinal tract, leading to inflammation and ulcers.
d. Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition characterized by red, scaly patches on the skin, and it is not related to the salivary and lacrimal glands.
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