How do B cells recognize antigens during the immune response?
By engulfing and processing pathogens.
By producing cytokines to activate immune cells.
By secreting antibodies that bind to specific antigens.
By directly attacking and killing infected cells.
The Correct Answer is C
Explanation: B cells recognize antigens by producing specific receptors on their cell surface, known as antibodies or immunoglobulins. When a B cell encounters an antigen that matches its specific antibody, it binds to the antigen, marking it for destruction or neutralization by other immune cells.
Incorrect choices:
a. Engulfing and processing pathogens is the role of antigen-presenting cells like macrophages and dendritic cells. These cells present processed antigens to other immune cells, including B cells, to trigger an immune response.
b. Cytokines are small proteins that serve as signaling molecules in the immune system. They are produced by various immune cells to regulate immune responses, but they are not directly involved in antigen recognition by B cells.
d. Directly attacking and killing infected cells is the role of cytotoxic T cells during cell-mediated immunity, not B cells during the humoral immune response.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Explanation:The body's ability to produce antibodies against specific pathogens. Immunity refers to the body's ability to recognize and respond to specific pathogens, such as bacteria or viruses, by producing antibodies that target and neutralize these invaders.
Incorrect choices:
a. The body's ability to tolerate foreign substances without a response is not immunity but rather the concept of immunological tolerance, which prevents the immune system from attacking the body's own cells and tissues.
c. Immunity does not guarantee the prevention of infections, but it provides protection and reduces the severity of infections upon subsequent exposures to the same pathogen.
d. While the immune system is designed to fight off infections, it is not capable of fighting off all types of infections equally. The immune response is specific to the type of pathogen encountered.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Explanation: Vaccinations are made from either weakened or killed pathogens or parts of pathogens, which cannot cause the disease they are meant to protect against. However, they stimulate the body's immune system to produce a protective response, providing immunity against the specific disease.
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