Which of the following medications is most likely to cause a dry cough as a side effect?

A. Administer a sedative at bedtime: Sedatives increase the risk of dizziness, confusion, and impaired coordination, particularly in older adults. This intervention would heighten fall risk instead of preventing it.

B. Lock beds and wheelchairs when not providing care: Locking wheels prevents unintended movement and ensures stability during transfers, which helps reduce the likelihood of falls. This is an essential safety practice.

C. Teach balance and strengthening exercises: Exercises that improve balance, flexibility, and strength enhance mobility and reduce fall risk. Encouraging physical activity supports long-term fall prevention strategies.

D. Provide information about home safety checks: Teaching clients about environmental modifications, such as removing clutter and installing grab bars, empowers them to reduce hazards in their living space and prevent falls.

E. Place the bedside table within the client’s reach: Keeping frequently used items close reduces the need for reaching or stretching, which may cause instability. This simple adjustment supports safety and independence.

A. Administer the granules mixed with 20 oz of water: Montelukast granules should be mixed with a small amount of soft food (e.g., applesauce, carrots, rice, or ice cream) or administered directly in the mouth. Mixing with a large volume of water is not recommended and may affect dosing accuracy.

B. Give the medication in the morning daily: Montelukast is usually given in the evening for persistent asthma to align with circadian patterns of asthma symptoms. Morning administration may reduce its effectiveness in controlling nighttime symptoms.

C. Give the medication at the onset of wheezing: Montelukast is not a rescue medication. It works as a controller to prevent asthma symptoms, not to relieve acute wheezing or asthma attacks.

D. Administer the medication 2 hr before exercise: Montelukast granules can be used to prevent exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Giving the medication at least 2 hours before physical activity allows it to reach effective levels in the body, reducing the likelihood of exercise-triggered asthma symptoms.