Which of the following processes result in scar formation?
regeneration
remodeling
granulation
fibrous connective tissue repair
The Correct Answer is D
A. regeneration: Regeneration replaces lost cells with the same cell type (restores normal tissue) and usually does not produce a scar when full regeneration occurs.
B. remodeling: Remodeling is the maturation and reorganization of the repair tissue (collagen), which shapes the scar but is part of the healing process rather than the initial cause of scarring.
C. granulation: Granulation tissue is rich in new capillaries and fibroblasts and is a stage in healing that precedes scar formation, but granulation itself is not the final scar.
D. fibrous connective tissue repair: Scar formation results from replacement of normal tissue by fibrous (collagenous) connective tissue-i.e., fibrous connective tissue repair (repair rather than regeneration).
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. thrombocytes: Platelets (thrombocytes) are not the primary target of HIV; they may be affected secondarily but are not the cells destroyed by the virus.
B. CD4: HIV infects and progressively depletes CD4⁺ T helper lymphocytes, which leads to immune deficiency.
C. ESR: ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) is a laboratory test/value, not a cell type, so it cannot be destroyed.
D. CD8: CD8⁺ cytotoxic T cells are not the primary cells infected by HIV; they may be functionally affected but HIV primarily targets CD4⁺ T cells.
Correct Answer is E
Explanation
A. Infection: Some infections (esp. urinary tract infections) can cause transient proteinuria, but infection is not the most specific cause.
B. Bleed: Bleeding (hematuria) shows blood in urine, not protein as the defining marker.
C. Diabetes: Diabetes (diabetic nephropathy) commonly causes persistent proteinuria, but proteinuria itself more directly indicates renal involvement.
D. Liver failure: Liver disease does not typically cause proteinuria as a primary finding.
E. Kidney disease: Protein in the urine (proteinuria) is most directly a sign of kidney dysfunction/glomerular damage (though causes include diabetes, hypertension, infection, etc.).
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