Which of the following refer to passive immunity? (select all that apply)
Transfer through the placenta or breast milk
Inflammation
Vaccination with an antigen
Administration of antiserum
Tears and saliva
Correct Answer : A,D
A. Transfer through the placenta or breast milk is a form of naturally acquired passive immunity, where antibodies are passed from mother to child without the child's immune system having to produce them.
B. Inflammation is part of the innate immune response and not related to passive immunity.
C. Vaccination with an antigen involves stimulating the body to produce its own immune response, which is active immunity, not passive.
D. Administration of antiserum provides artificially acquired passive immunity, where pre-formed antibodies are given to an individual for immediate protection.
E. Tears and saliva are part of the innate immune system (first line of defense) and are not considered forms of passive immunity.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. GALT (Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue) refers to lymphoid tissue found in the gastrointestinal tract, not a part of the lymph node.
B. The hilum is the indented area of a lymph node where blood vessels, nerves, and efferent lymphatic vessels (which carry lymph out of the node) exit the node.
C. Buboes are swollen lymph nodes, often a sign of infection like bubonic plague, not the area where vessels exit the lymph node.
D. Filariae are parasitic worms that can cause lymphatic filariasis, but they are not related to the structure of a lymph node.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that primarily responds to bacterial infections and perform phagocytosis, not specifically attacking tumor or virus-infected cells.
B. Regulatory T cells help regulate the immune response and prevent excessive immune activity, but they do not directly attack tumor or virus-infected cells.
C. Natural killer (NK) cells are a type of lymphocyte that plays a key role in the body's defense against tumor cells and virus-infected cells by directly attacking and destroying them.
D. Memory T cells are responsible for "remembering" a previous pathogen, enabling a quicker response upon future exposure, but they do not directly attack tumor or virus-infected cells.
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