Which of the following refer to passive immunity? (select all that apply)
Transfer through the placenta or breast milk
Inflammation
Vaccination with an antigen
Administration of antiserum
Tears and saliva
Correct Answer : A,D
A. Transfer through the placenta or breast milk is a form of naturally acquired passive immunity, where antibodies are passed from mother to child without the child's immune system having to produce them.
B. Inflammation is part of the innate immune response and not related to passive immunity.
C. Vaccination with an antigen involves stimulating the body to produce its own immune response, which is active immunity, not passive.
D. Administration of antiserum provides artificially acquired passive immunity, where pre-formed antibodies are given to an individual for immediate protection.
E. Tears and saliva are part of the innate immune system (first line of defense) and are not considered forms of passive immunity.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Chyle drainage is not a function of the spleen. Chyle, a milky fluid rich in fats absorbed from the intestines, is transported by the lymphatic system — specifically through structures like lacteals and the thoracic duct — not the spleen.
B. Blood filtration is a key function of the spleen, as it removes pathogens and debris from the blood.
C. Destruction of old red blood cells occurs in the spleen, which acts as a graveyard for aging or damaged red blood cells.
D. Blood storage is also a spleen function; it can store blood and release it in case of hemorrhage or increased demand.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Chyle is a type of lymphatic fluid rich in fats absorbed from the intestines, but it is not the primary basis of all lymphatic fluid.
B. Secretions of lymph nodes contribute immune cells and filtering functions but do not form the main component of lymph.
C. Plasma is the correct answer. Lymphatic fluid originates from interstitial fluid, which in turn is derived from plasma that leaks out of capillaries. This fluid enters the lymphatic system and becomes lymph.
D. MALT (Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue) is involved in immune responses in mucosal membranes but does not form the basis of lymphatic fluid.
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