Which of the following refer to passive immunity? (select all that apply)
Transfer through the placenta or breast milk
Inflammation
Vaccination with an antigen
Administration of antiserum
Tears and saliva
Correct Answer : A,D
A. Transfer through the placenta or breast milk is a form of naturally acquired passive immunity, where antibodies are passed from mother to child without the child's immune system having to produce them.
B. Inflammation is part of the innate immune response and not related to passive immunity.
C. Vaccination with an antigen involves stimulating the body to produce its own immune response, which is active immunity, not passive.
D. Administration of antiserum provides artificially acquired passive immunity, where pre-formed antibodies are given to an individual for immediate protection.
E. Tears and saliva are part of the innate immune system (first line of defense) and are not considered forms of passive immunity.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Carotid veins are not the primary veins for receiving lymph from lymphatic vessels. Carotid veins are associated with the head and neck, but they are not the main vessels where lymph drains.
B. Subclavian veins are the correct answer. The lymphatic system drains lymph into the subclavian veins at the junction of the internal jugular vein, where the lymphatic ducts (such as the thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct) empty into the bloodstream.
C. Brachial veins are associated with the upper arm and do not receive lymph from the terminal lymphatic vessels.
D. Pulmonary veins are responsible for carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart, not lymph.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Vaccines are preparations that stimulate the immune system to produce an immune response, but they are not classified as killer, helper, regulator, or memory cells.
B. Antibodies are proteins produced by B cells that help neutralize pathogens, but they are not classified as killer, helper, regulator, or memory cells.
C. Granulocytes are a type of white blood cell that includes neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils, involved in the immune response. However, the correct classification of cells as "killer, helper, regulator, and memory" specifically refers to T cells (not granulocytes). T cells are the cells responsible for these roles:
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