Which of the following represents a reactant or input for the light reaction of photosynthesis?
H2O
Oxygen
NADPH
ATP
Carbon dioxide
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale: H2O is a reactant or input for the light reaction of photosynthesis. In the light reaction, water is split by the energy from sunlight in photosystem II, releasing electrons, protons, and oxygen. The electrons and protons are used to reduce NADP+ to NADPH and to synthesize ATP from ADP and Pi. The oxygen is either used for respiration or released into the air¹².
Choice B rationale: Oxygen is not a reactant or input for the light reaction of photosynthesis, but a product or output. Oxygen is released as a by-product of the splitting of water in photosystem II. Oxygen is either used for respiration or released into the air¹².
Choice C rationale: NADPH is not a reactant or input for the light reaction of photosynthesis, but a product or output. NADPH is an electron carrier that is reduced by the electrons from water in photosystem I. NADPH provides electrons and hydrogen for the dark reaction, which uses CO2 to produce glucose¹².
Choice D rationale: ATP is not a reactant or input for the light reaction of photosynthesis, but a product or output. ATP is an energy molecule that is synthesized by the enzyme ATP synthase using the proton gradient created by the electron transport chain. ATP provides energy for the dark reaction, which uses CO2 to produce glucose¹².
Choice E rationale: Carbon dioxide is not a reactant or input for the light reaction of photosynthesis, but a reactant or input for the dark reaction. The dark reaction uses CO2 and energy intermediates from the light reaction to produce glucose, a type of sugar. The dark reaction does not require light and can occur in the day or night¹².
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration across a semi-permeable membrane. Diffusion stops when there is no net movement of particles across the membrane, which means that the rate of diffusion in one direction is equal to the rate of diffusion in the opposite direction.
This does not necessarily mean that there is an equal concentration of particles on both sides of the membrane, but rather that there is a dynamic equilibrium between the two sides. For example, if a semi-permeable membrane separates a solution of 10% sugar and 90% water from a solution of 20% sugar and 80% water, diffusion will occur until the sugar concentration on both sides is 15%.
However, if the membrane only allows water to pass through, diffusion will occur until the water concentration on both sides is equal, which means that the sugar concentration on one side will be higher than the other. Therefore, diffusion does not always result in an equal concentration of particles on both sides of a semi-permeable membrane.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale: An isotonic solution has the same solute concentration as the plant cells, which means it has the same water potential. Water will move in and out of the plant cells at the same rate, causing them to remain unchanged in size and shape. This will not help the lettuce to become less wilted.
Choice B rationale: A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration than the plant cells, which means it has a lower water potential. Water will move out of the plant cells by osmosis, causing them to shrink and become plasmolysed. This will make the lettuce more wilted and not crisper.
Choice C rationale: Soaking the lettuce in water would have an effect, depending on the relative solute concentration of the water and the plant cells. Water will move across the cell membrane by osmosis, either into or out of the plant cells, causing them to change in size and shape.
Choice D rationale: A hypotonic solution has a lower solute concentration than the plant cells, which means it has a higher water potential. Water will move into the plant cells by osmosis, causing them to swell and become turgid. This will make the lettuce crisper and more appealing.
Choice E rationale: A hypotonic solution will cause the plant cells to gain water and become turgid, not more wilted. Wilted lettuce is caused by the loss of water from the plant cells, which makes them flaccid and soft.
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