Which of the following statements about T cells is correct?
T cells are involved in the production of antibodies.
T cells directly attack and kill infected cells.
T cells are responsible for phagocytosis of pathogens.
T cells primarily mediate allergic reactions.
The Correct Answer is B
Correct answer: B
Explanation: T cells, specifically cytotoxic T cells (CD8+ T cells), are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They directly recognize and attack infected or abnormal cells, leading to their destruction. This process is crucial in controlling viral infections and cancer cells.
Incorrect choices:
a. B cells, not T cells, are responsible for the production of antibodies during the humoral immune response.
c. Phagocytosis of pathogens is mainly carried out by macrophages and neutrophils, not T cells.
d. Allergic reactions are primarily mediated by a different type of T cells called helper T cells (CD4+ T cells), not cytotoxic T cells.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
xplanation: Memory B cells are formed during the primary immune response and play a critical role in the secondary immune response. When re-exposed to the same antigen, memory B cells quickly differentiate into plasma cells that produce large quantities of specific antibodies, leading to a rapid and robust immune response.
Incorrect choices:
a. The production of antibodies during the primary immune response is primarily carried out by plasma cells, not memory B cells.
b. The activation of helper T cells is essential for coordinating the immune response, but memory B cells are not directly responsible for this process.
c. The initiation of the complement cascade is a separate component of the immune response involving complement proteins, and memory B cells are not directly involved in this process.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Explanation: B cells are a type of lymphocyte that plays a central role in the adaptive immune response. When activated by the presence of specific antigens, B cells differentiate into plasma cells, which are responsible for producing large quantities of antibodies that can target and neutralize the invading pathogen.
Incorrect choices:
a. T cells are another type of lymphocyte that is involved in cell-mediated immunity, where they directly attack infected or abnormal cells. They do not produce antibodies.
b. Natural killer cells are part of the innate immune system and are responsible for killing infected or cancerous cells. They are not involved in antibody production.
d. Macrophages are phagocytic cells that engulf and destroy pathogens and debris in the body. While they play a crucial role in immune responses, they do not produce antibodies.
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