Which of the following statements about B cells is correct?
B cells directly attack and kill infected cells.
B cells produce antibodies and are part of cell-mediated immunity.
B cells primarily recognize antigens presented by macrophages.
B cells are involved in phagocytosis of pathogens.
The Correct Answer is C
Correct answer: C
A.B cells are part of the adaptive immune system and are responsible for antibody-mediated immunity. They do not directly attack and kill infected cells. Instead, B cells produce antibodies that can recognize and neutralize pathogens or foreign substances.
b. B cells are involved in antibody-mediated immunity, not cell-mediated immunity. They produce antibodies that circulate in the bloodstream and bind to antigens on pathogens, marking them for destruction by other immune cells.
c. B cells are crucial for recognizing "foreign" molecules (antigens) on pathogens and producing antibodies that can bind to those antigens. Macrophages engulf pathogens and present fragments (antigens) of them on their surface, allowing B cells to identify and target the specific pathogen.
d. Phagocytosis of pathogens is mainly carried out by macrophages and neutrophils, not B cells.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Explanation: Passive immunity. Passive immunity is acquired when preformed antibodies are transferred from one individual to another. In this case, the mother's antibodies are transferred to her baby through breast milk, providing temporary protection against certain infections.
Incorrect choices:
a. Active immunity is acquired when the immune system is exposed to a pathogen or vaccination, leading to the production of memory cells and long-term protection.
b. Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense against infections and is not transferred from the mother to the baby but rather present from birth.
c. Adaptive immunity is another term for acquired immunity and involves the production of memory cells after exposure to a specific pathogen or vaccination. It is not transferred through breast milk.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Explanation: The primary role of B cells during the humoral immune response is to produce antibodies against specific antigens on pathogens. When B cells encounter an antigen that matches their specific receptor, they become activated and differentiate into plasma cells, which then secrete large amounts of antibodies into the bloodstream.
Incorrect choices:
a. Antigen presentation to B cells is carried out by antigen-presenting cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, not by B cells themselves.
c. Directly attacking and killing infected cells is the role of cytotoxic T cells during cell-mediated immunity, not B cells during the humoral immune response.
d. The regulation of the immune response is mainly the function of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and other immune regulatory mechanisms, not the primary role of B cells.
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