Which of the following statements about tetanus is accurate?
Tetanus is commonly transmitted from person to person.
Tetanus can be effectively treated with antibiotics alone.
Booster doses of tetanus vaccine are recommended every 5 years.
Tetanospasmin is the neurotoxin responsible for the clinical manifestations of tetanus.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale:
Tetanus is not commonly transmitted from person to person. Instead, it is usually acquired through the introduction of the Clostridium tetani bacterium into a wound, where it can produce the neurotoxin tetanospasmin.
Choice B rationale:
Tetanus is not effectively treated with antibiotics alone. Antibiotics can help control the infection caused by Clostridium tetani, but the primary treatment involves providing tetanus antitoxin to neutralize the neurotoxin already present in the body.
Choice C rationale:
Booster doses of tetanus vaccine are not recommended every 5 years. The standard recommendation is to receive a tetanus booster every 10 years to maintain protection against the disease.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The correct statement indicates the need for a tetanus booster every 10 years during adulthood. This aligns with current guidelines as the immunity from tetanus vaccination can wane over time, necessitating booster doses.
Choice B rationale:
The correct statement explains that tetanus can be prevented by proper wound care and keeping the wound clean. This is accurate because tetanus spores are commonly found in soil and can enter the body through contaminated wounds, making wound care crucial for prevention.
Choice C rationale:
The correct statement indicates a need for further teaching as it is incorrect. Tetanus is not transmitted through respiratory droplets. Tetanus is caused by the Clostridium tetani bacterium found in the environment, especially in soil, and it enters the body through wounds, not through respiratory secretions.
Choice D rationale:
The correct statement highlights that tetanus is more common in developing countries due to lower immunization rates. This is accurate since immunization plays a significant role in preventing tetanus, and lower vaccination rates in some regions contribute to higher disease incidence.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The statement "Tetanus can be transmitted from person to person through respiratory secretions" is incorrect. Tetanus is not a communicable disease, and it does not spread from person to person.
Choice B rationale:
The statement "The primary reservoir of
C. tetani is contaminated food and water" is incorrect. Tetanus is primarily found in the environment, especially in soil, as
C. tetani is a bacterium that forms spores in the environment.
Choice C rationale:
The correct statement explains that tetanus spores can persist in the environment and enter the body through a wound. This is accurate as
C. tetani spores can survive for years in soil and dust, and they enter the body through cuts, puncture wounds, or other openings in the skin.
Choice D rationale:
The statement "Vector transmission of tetanus occurs primarily through mosquito bites" is incorrect. Tetanus is not transmitted through mosquito bites. Mosquitoes are not carriers of
C. tetani, and the infection does not spread through their bites.
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