Which of the following structures controls the release of chyme into the duodenum?
Pyloric sphincter
Lower esophageal sphincter
Ileocecal sphincter
Internal anal sphincter
The Correct Answer is A
a. Pyloric sphincter: This sphincter regulates the passage of chyme from the stomach into the duodenum.
b. Lower esophageal sphincter: This sphincter prevents the backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus.
c. Ileocecal sphincter: This controls the flow of material from the ileum of the small intestine into the cecum of the large intestine.
d. Internal anal sphincter: This sphincter controls the release of feces from the rectum but is not involved in the release of chyme
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
a. 1 to 2 liters: Correct. The average adult typically produces about 1 to 2 liters of urine per day.
b. 3 to 5 liters: This is an unusually high amount of urine production and is not typical for most adults.
c. 5 to 7 liters: This is an excessively high amount of urine production and would usually indicate a medical condition.
d. 2 to 4 liters: This range is slightly higher than average but can still be considered normal under certain conditions such as increased fluid intake or diuretic use.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
a. Insulin and glucagon: These hormones have opposite effects on blood glucose levels; insulin decreases blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake, while glucagon increases blood glucose by stimulating glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis.
b. Ghrelin and gastrin: Ghrelin stimulates appetite, and gastrin stimulates gastric acid secretion, but they do not directly oppose each other.
c. Calcitonin and melatonin: Calcitonin lowers blood calcium levels, while melatonin regulates sleep-wake cycles; they do not act as antagonists.
d. Androsterone and estradiol: These are sex hormones with different roles but are not direct antagonists; they do not have opposing effects in the body.
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