Which of the following structures prevents food from being aspirated into the lungs?.
Larynx.
Trachea.
Epiglottis.
Pharynx.
The Correct Answer is C
The correct answer is Choice C. -
Choice A rationale:
The larynx is part of the airway but does not prevent aspiration. -
Choice B rationale:
The trachea is the airway leading to the lungs but does not prevent aspiration. -
Choice C rationale:
The epiglottis is a flap of tissue that covers the airway during swallowing, preventing food from entering the lungs. -
Choice D rationale:
The pharynx is part of the throat but does not prevent aspiration.
So, the correct answer is C, after analyzing all choices.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The arachnoid is not the innermost layer, it is in the middle. -
Choice B rationale:
The correct order of the meninges from inside to outside is Pia mater, arachnoid, and dura mater. -
Choice C rationale:
The dura mater is not the innermost layer, it is the outermost layer. -
Choice D rationale:
Gray matter is not a layer of the meninges.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is: c. Air flows into the lungs.
Choice A: A pneumothorax forms, collapsing the lungs.
A pneumothorax occurs when air enters the pleural space, the area between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition is typically caused by trauma or a spontaneous rupture of a lung bleb, not by a drop in lung pressure below atmospheric pressure. When the pressure in the lungs drops below atmospheric pressure, it facilitates the inflow of air into the lungs, not the collapse of the lungs.
Choice B: The bronchioles constrict, causing respiratory distress.
Bronchiolar constriction, or bronchoconstriction, is a narrowing of the airways in the lungs due to the tightening of surrounding smooth muscle. This can cause respiratory distress and is commonly seen in conditions like asthma. However, this is not directly related to the pressure changes in the lungs relative to atmospheric pressure. The primary effect of a drop in lung pressure below atmospheric pressure is the inflow of air, not bronchoconstriction.
Choice C: Air flows into the lungs.
When the pressure in the lungs drops below atmospheric pressure, a pressure gradient is created that allows air to flow into the lungs. This process is known as inspiration or inhalation. The diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract to increase the volume of the thoracic cavity, thereby decreasing the pressure within the lungs relative to the outside atmosphere, causing air to rush in.
Choice D: Air flows out of the lungs.
Air flows out of the lungs, or expiration, occurs when the pressure inside the lungs exceeds atmospheric pressure. This happens when the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, decreasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and increasing the pressure within the lungs. This is the opposite of what happens when lung pressure drops below atmospheric pressure.
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