Which of the following therapies is time-limited, focused on the present, and is effective for adults and adolescents?
Humanistic or person-centered therapy
Interpersonal therapy
Existential therapy
Cognitive behavioral therapy
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Humanistic or person-centered therapy emphasizes empathy, unconditional positive regard, and self-actualization. It is typically non-directive and open-ended, focusing on the client’s subjective experience rather than structured goals or time limits. It is not primarily focused on present-day functioning or symptom relief.
Choice B reason: Interpersonal therapy is time-limited and focuses on interpersonal relationships and social functioning, particularly in the context of depression. While it is effective and present-focused, it is more narrowly targeted than cognitive behavioral therapy and less commonly used across a broad range of disorders.
Choice C reason: Existential therapy explores philosophical questions about meaning, freedom, and isolation. It is not time-limited and tends to be abstract and introspective, making it less structured and less focused on immediate symptom relief.
Choice D reason: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a structured, time-limited therapy that focuses on identifying and changing maladaptive thoughts and behaviors. It is highly effective for both adults and adolescents and is widely used for anxiety, depression, phobias, and other disorders. CBT emphasizes present-focused strategies and measurable outcomes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Countertransference refers to the clinician’s emotional reactions to the client, often based on the clinician’s own unconscious processes. It does not apply to the client’s behavior in this scenario.
Choice B reason: Transference occurs when a client unconsciously redirects feelings and expectations from a significant person in their past onto the therapist. Calling the PMHNP by her sister’s name and expressing emotional familiarity are classic signs of transference.
Choice C reason: Projection involves attributing one’s own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to another person. It is not evident in this scenario, where the client is associating the therapist with a lost loved one.
Choice D reason: Repression is a defense mechanism where distressing thoughts are pushed out of conscious awareness. The client is actively expressing feelings and memories, not repressing them.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Duloxetine is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) that can be used for depression and pain. However, it has moderate CYP2D6 inhibition, which may interfere with tamoxifen metabolism and reduce its efficacy.
Choice B reason: Venlafaxine is an SNRI with minimal CYP2D6 inhibition. It is effective for depression and also helps alleviate hot flashes, making it the most appropriate choice for this patient.
Choice C reason: Bupropion is a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor and a strong CYP2D6 inhibitor. It can significantly reduce the conversion of tamoxifen to its active metabolite, endoxifen, thereby compromising its therapeutic effect.
Choice D reason: Fluoxetine is a potent CYP2D6 inhibitor and should be avoided in patients taking tamoxifen due to the risk of reducing its efficacy in preventing breast cancer recurrence.
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