Which of the following would lead to anemic hypoxia?
Sickle-cell disease
Emphysema
Squamous-cell carcinoma
Asthma
Atelectasis
The Correct Answer is A
A. Sickle-cell disease: Anemic hypoxia occurs when the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced, as in sickle-cell disease where abnormal hemoglobin impairs oxygen transport.
B. Emphysema: This causes hypoxic hypoxia due to impaired gas exchange, not anemic hypoxia.
C. Squamous-cell carcinoma: May obstruct airways but does not directly cause anemic hypoxia.
D. Asthma: Causes obstructive hypoxia (ventilatory defect), not a reduction in hemoglobin or oxygen-carrying capacity.
E. Atelectasis: Collapse of alveoli reduces oxygenation but does not reduce the hemoglobin content-this is hypoxic hypoxia.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Trophoblast: Part of the blastocyst that contributes to placenta formation, not the whole developing individual.
B. Zygote: Single-cell stage immediately after fertilization.
C. Blastocyst: The hollow ball of cells that implants around day 6–7; occurs before week 3.
D. Embryo: The developing human is called an embryo from week 3 through week 8. This is when organ systems begin to form.
E. Fetus: The term "fetus" applies after week 8, when organogenesis is largely complete.
Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"B"}
Explanation
A. Lymph nodes: Lymph nodes do undergo some changes with age but not as dramatically as the thymus.
B. Thymus: The thymus undergoes involution after puberty, shrinking in size and being replaced largely by fat, which significantly reduces T-cell production.
C. Spleen: While some function may decline with age, the spleen does not undergo the same marked involution as the thymus.
D. Pharyngeal tonsils: The tonsils may atrophy slightly with age, but the effect is less pronounced than with the thymus.
E. Appendix: The appendix may reduce in lymphoid tissue over time but does not exhibit the same profound involution.
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