Which of the following would lead to anemic hypoxia?
Sickle-cell disease
Emphysema
Squamous-cell carcinoma
Asthma
Atelectasis
The Correct Answer is A
A. Sickle-cell disease: Anemic hypoxia occurs when the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced, as in sickle-cell disease where abnormal hemoglobin impairs oxygen transport.
B. Emphysema: This causes hypoxic hypoxia due to impaired gas exchange, not anemic hypoxia.
C. Squamous-cell carcinoma: May obstruct airways but does not directly cause anemic hypoxia.
D. Asthma: Causes obstructive hypoxia (ventilatory defect), not a reduction in hemoglobin or oxygen-carrying capacity.
E. Atelectasis: Collapse of alveoli reduces oxygenation but does not reduce the hemoglobin content-this is hypoxic hypoxia.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Muscular system: Does not undergo a dramatic transition at birth.
B. Integumentary system: Adapts, but not as critically as the respiratory or circulatory systems.
C. Respiratory system: At birth, the newborn must shift from obtaining oxygen via the placenta to breathing air-a major physiological change.
D. Circulatory system: Also undergoes important changes (closure of fetal shunts), but the respiratory transition is more immediately life-sustaining.
E. Nervous system: Immature but does not require immediate postnatal adjustment for survival in the way the lungs do.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Baroreceptors: Sense blood pressure changes, not osmolarity or thirst.
B. Proprioceptors: Detect body position and movement; unrelated to fluid balance.
C. Nociceptors: Detect pain; not involved in fluid regulation.
D. Osmoreceptors: Located in the hypothalamus, they detect changes in blood osmolarity and stimulate thirst when osmolarity rises.
E. Mechanoreceptors: Respond to mechanical changes like pressure or stretch, not osmolarity.
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