Which of the following can prolonged exposure to cold weather lead to?
Fluid sequestration in the upper limbs
Hypotonic hydration
Hypervolemia
Increased sensible water loss
Increased respiratory water loss
The Correct Answer is E
A. Fluid sequestration in the upper limbs: Not typically a physiological response to cold.
B. Hypotonic hydration: Occurs when too much water dilutes body fluids, usually from overhydration, not cold exposure.
C. Hypervolemia: This is fluid overload, unlikely in cold exposure without excess intake.
D. Increased sensible water loss: Sensible water loss refers to loss via urine or sweat—sweating is reduced in cold environments.
E. Increased respiratory water loss: Cold, dry air increases insensible water loss via respiration due to humidification of inspired air.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"C"}
Explanation
A. Gastric rugae: Ridges/folds in the stomach lining that allow it to expand, but do not regulate flow into the duodenum.
B. Antrum: The lower portion of the stomach that grinds food and mixes it with gastric juices; helps move chyme but does not regulate its release.
C. Pyloric sphincter: A muscular valve at the distal end of the stomach that controls the passage of chyme into the duodenum.
D. Fundus: The upper rounded portion of the stomach; involved in food storage, not in controlling outflow.
E. Cardial part: Connects the esophagus to the stomach and receives food; not involved in regulating outflow to the duodenum.
Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A","dropdown-group-2":"A"}
Explanation
A. Insulin; glucagon and epinephrine: Insulin promotes glycogenesis (storage of glucose as glycogen), while glucagon and epinephrine stimulate glycogenolysis (breakdown of glycogen to glucose).
B. Insulin; aldosterone: Aldosterone regulates sodium and potassium; not directly involved in glucose metabolism.
C. Growth hormone; glucagon and epinephrine: GH has minimal effect on glycogenesis. The second part is correct, but the first is not.
D. Growth hormone; cortisol: Cortisol can promote gluconeogenesis, not specifically glycogenolysis. GH does not drive glycogenesis.
E. Growth hormone; insulin: Insulin does not stimulate glycogenolysis. This pairing is incorrect.
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