Which of the following would the nurse recognize as beta blockers? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.

Choice A reason: This statement is true. The nurse should include this information with calcium channel blockers, which are a type of medication that relax the blood vessels and lower the blood pressure. Grapefruit juice can interfere with the metabolism of calcium channel blockers and increase their levels in the blood. This can cause serious side effects, such as low blood pressure, slow heart rate, or liver damage.

Choice B reason: This statement is false. The nurse should not include this information with calcium channel blockers, as checking the apical heart rate is not necessary before taking this medication. Calcium channel blockers can lower the heart rate, but not to a dangerous level. However, the nurse should monitor the client's vital signs regularly and report any abnormal findings.

Choice C reason: This statement is false. The nurse should not include this information with calcium channel blockers, as these medications are not used to reduce cholesterol. Calcium channel blockers have no effect on the cholesterol levels in the blood. However, the nurse should advise the client to follow a healthy diet and lifestyle to prevent cardiovascular diseases.

Choice D reason: This statement is false. The nurse should not include this information with calcium channel blockers, as these medications do not cause increased blood pressure. Calcium channel blockers lower the blood pressure by relaxing the blood vessels. However, the nurse should inform the client that some calcium channel blockers can cause headaches, flushing, or swelling of the ankles, which are mild and temporary side effects.

Choice A reason: This statement is false. The nurse should not say that it is psychological, as this is not true and may offend the client. The difference between IV and oral medications is not based on the client's belief or perception, but on the pharmacokinetics of the drugs.

Choice B reason: This statement is true. The nurse's best response is to explain that oral medications take longer to absorb into the system than IV medications, as oral medications have to pass through the digestive tract and the liver before reaching the bloodstream. IV medications are injected directly into the vein and bypass the digestive tract and the liver. Therefore, IV medications have a faster onset of action and a higher bioavailability than oral medications.

Choice C reason: This statement is false. The nurse should not say that there is no difference between IV and oral medications, as this is not true and may confuse the client. IV and oral medications have different routes of administration, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. These factors affect the drug levels and effects in the body.

Choice D reason: This statement is false. The nurse should not say that IV medication doses are always higher than oral doses, as this is not true and may mislead the client. IV and oral medication doses are determined by the drug characteristics, the client's condition, and the desired outcome. Sometimes, IV medication doses are lower than oral doses, as IV medications have a higher bioavailability and a more potent effect than oral medications.