Which of these measures is appropriate for a patient diagnosed with increased intracranial pressure?

Suction every 2 hours.

Provide rest periods between nursing procedures.

Encourage active range of motion.

Assign the patient to a semiprivate room near the nurse's station.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Suctioning every 2 hours is not appropriate for a patient with increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Suctioning can increase ICP due to the stress and stimulation it causes. It should only be performed when absolutely necessary and with proper precautions to minimize ICP spikes.

Choice B reason: Providing rest periods between nursing procedures is the correct measure. This helps minimize stimulation and stress, which can increase ICP. Rest periods allow the patient to stabilize and reduce the risk of further increasing the pressure within the skull.

Choice C reason: Encouraging active range of motion exercises is not suitable for a patient with increased ICP. Physical activity can exacerbate the condition by increasing intracranial pressure. The focus should be on minimizing activity and stress to prevent further elevation of ICP.

Choice D reason: Assigning the patient to a semiprivate room near the nurse's station is not the best approach. Patients with increased ICP require a quiet and calm environment to help manage their condition. A semiprivate room near the nurse's station may expose the patient to more noise and activity, which could increase ICP.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Inotropic drugs are used to improve the strength of the heart's contractions and support cardiac output in cases of heart failure or cardiogenic shock. While they may be used as supportive therapy in septic shock to maintain blood pressure and perfusion, they are not the primary treatment.

Choice B reason: Antibiotics are the primary and most crucial therapy for managing septic shock. Septic shock is caused by a severe infection that leads to systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction. Prompt administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics is essential to target the underlying infection and prevent the progression of septic shock. Antibiotic therapy is initiated as soon as possible, often after obtaining blood cultures to identify the causative pathogen.

Choice C reason: Antidysrhythmic drugs are used to manage abnormal heart rhythms, such as atrial fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia. They are not specific to the treatment of septic shock but may be used if the patient develops arrhythmias as a complication of the shock state.

Choice D reason: Beta blockers are used to manage hypertension and certain types of arrhythmias by reducing the heart rate and the workload on the heart. They are not typically used in the acute management of septic shock and may even be contraindicated due to their potential to decrease cardiac output.

A. Age B. Hypertension C. Obesity D. Smoking E. Stress

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Age is a non-modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease. While it is a significant risk factor, individuals cannot change their age. Modifiable risk factors are those that individuals can alter through lifestyle changes or medical interventions to reduce their risk of developing coronary artery disease.

Choice B reason: Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease. By managing blood pressure through lifestyle changes, medications, and regular monitoring, individuals can reduce their risk of developing coronary artery disease. Effective management of hypertension includes reducing sodium intake, maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, and taking prescribed medications.

Choice C reason: Obesity is a modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease. Individuals can work towards achieving and maintaining a healthy weight through dietary changes, increased physical activity, and behavioral modifications. Losing weight can significantly lower the risk of coronary artery disease by improving blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and overall cardiovascular health.

Choice D reason: Smoking is a major modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease. Quitting smoking can dramatically reduce the risk of developing coronary artery disease and other cardiovascular conditions. Smoking cessation programs, medications, and support groups can help individuals successfully quit smoking and improve their cardiovascular health.

Choice E reason: Stress is a modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease. Chronic stress can contribute to the development of coronary artery disease by affecting blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and overall heart health. Managing stress through relaxation techniques, exercise, counseling, and mindfulness practices can help reduce the risk of coronary artery disease.

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Which of these measures is appropriate for a patient diagnosed with increased intracranial pressure?

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