Which outcome is appropriate for the client problem of "ineffective gas exchange" for the client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

Choice A rationale

Notifying the healthcare provider is necessary, but assessing the client's condition comes first to provide relevant information.

Choice B rationale

Assessing the client's vital signs and telemetry monitor is the first step to determine the cause of chest pain and ensure it is not due to a life-threatening issue such as myocardial infarction.

Choice C rationale

Encouraging the client to take deep breaths can be helpful but is not the first priority. It addresses pain related to breathing but not the underlying cause.

Choice D rationale

Administering pain medication is important, but only after determining the cause of the chest pain and ruling out serious complications.

Choice A rationale

Hypokalemia is a potential concern with diuretic therapy, but not with hypertonic saline solution (3% NaCl) administration for hyponatremia.

Choice B rationale

Hypovolemia is less likely to occur with hypertonic saline infusion. The main concern is overcorrection leading to fluid overload.

Choice C rationale

Fluid overload is a significant risk when administering hypertonic saline (3% NaCl). Nurses should closely monitor for signs of fluid overload, such as edema, crackles in the lungs, and increased blood pressure.

Choice D rationale

Hypernatremia is a possible complication of hypertonic saline administration, but it is not as immediate a concern as fluid overload. Monitoring for fluid overload should take precedence.