Which patient does the nurse recognize as being most likely to be affected by sickle cell disease?

A 28-year-old Israeli man

An 18-year-old Chinese woman

14-year-old African American boy

A 26-year-old Eastern European Jewish woman

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. A 28-year-old Israeli man: Sickle cell disease is more prevalent in people of African, Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, and Indian ancestry. Israeli populations may have a higher prevalence of other genetic disorders, but sickle cell disease is not common in this group.

B. An 18-year-old Chinese woman: Sickle cell disease is relatively rare in individuals of Asian descent, including Chinese populations. It is more common in people of African, Mediterranean, or Middle Eastern heritage.

C. 14-year-old African American boy: Sickle cell disease is most commonly found in individuals of African descent. It is an inherited genetic disorder and is more prevalent in African Americans, making this the most likely group to be affected.

D. A 26-year-old Eastern European Jewish woman: Eastern European Jewish populations may have other inherited conditions, such as Tay-Sachs disease, sickle cell disease is less common among them compared to African, Mediterranean, or Middle Eastern populations.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is B,F,A,C,D,E

Explanation

B. Inhale deeply and then exhale completely: This prepares the lungs for medication by clearing the airways.

F. Place her lips firmly around the mouthpiece: Proper positioning ensures that the medication is delivered effectively.

A. Breathe in deeply over 2 to 3 seconds while pushing down on the canister: This allows the medication to reach deep into the lungs.

C. Hold her breath for 10 seconds: Holding the breath allows the medication to stay in the lungs longer, improving absorption.

D. Exhale slowly through pursed lips: This ensures that the medication stays in the lungs and does not escape too quickly.

E. Wait 60 seconds between each puff: Waiting between puffs allows the first dose to settle and improves the effectiveness of subsequent doses.

A. CD4+ T-cell count B. Western blot analysis C. Quantitative RNA assay D. Viral load test

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. CD4+ T-cell count: The CD4+ T-cell count is used to assess immune system function in clients with HIV but is not used to confirm an HIV diagnosis. It helps monitor the progression of the disease and the effectiveness of treatment rather than confirm the presence of HIV.

B. Western blot analysis: The Western blot is the confirmatory test following an initial positive ELISA result. It is highly specific and used to detect antibodies against HIV, confirming the diagnosis. This is the gold standard for HIV confirmation after a positive ELISA.

C. Quantitative RNA assay: A quantitative RNA assay measures the amount of HIV RNA in the blood, helping to assess the viral load. However, it is not used to confirm HIV infection; it is more useful for monitoring the progression of the disease.

D. Viral load test: The viral load test measures the amount of HIV in the blood, indicating how active the virus is. It is useful for monitoring treatment effectiveness but is not used for initial diagnosis confirmation after a positive ELISA.

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Which patient does the nurse recognize as being most likely to be affected by sickle cell disease?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a client who has asthma how to use a metered-dose inhaler (MDI). Place the following steps in the appropriate order:

Correct Answer is B,F,A,C,D,E

Explanation

A nurse is talking with a client who has to come to the clinic for HIV testing. The nurse should explain that, after the laboratory has the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results, it will use which of the following tests to confirm the diagnosis?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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