Which patient statement indicates to the nurse that additional instruction is needed for a patient with chronic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)?

"I should eat foods high in potassium because diuretics cause potassium loss."

"I need to limit my fluid intake to no more than 1 quart of liquids a day."

"I need to shop for foods low in sodium and avoid adding salt to food."

"I should weigh myself daily and report sudden weight loss or gain."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Eating foods high in potassium can be important for patients taking diuretics, as diuretics can cause potassium loss. However, for SIADH patients, this is not a primary focus unless they are on diuretics that specifically lead to potassium loss.

Choice B reason: Limiting fluid intake is crucial for patients with SIADH to prevent fluid overload and hyponatremia. This statement aligns with proper management of the condition.

Choice C reason: Patients with SIADH need to carefully manage their sodium intake. Rather than reducing sodium, they often need to maintain or increase their sodium intake to help counteract the effects of SIADH, which causes dilutional hyponatremia (low blood sodium levels). Therefore, this statement indicates a need for additional instruction.

Choice D reason: Weighing oneself daily is an important practice for SIADH patients to monitor for sudden weight changes, which can indicate fluid imbalances. This statement is appropriate and does not require additional instruction.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Weight gain is not commonly associated with Parkinson's disease. In fact, patients with PD often experience weight loss due to increased energy expenditure from tremors and muscle rigidity, as well as difficulties with eating.

Choice B reason: Cardiovascular problems are not directly caused by Parkinson's disease. While PD patients may have cardiovascular issues, these are typically related to age or other comorbid conditions rather than PD itself.

Choice C reason: Swallowing challenges, or dysphagia, are a significant concern for patients with Parkinson's disease. The motor symptoms of PD, including muscle rigidity and bradykinesia, can affect the muscles involved in swallowing, leading to difficulty eating and an increased risk of aspiration and choking. Addressing swallowing challenges is crucial for maintaining nutrition and preventing respiratory complications.

Choice D reason: Obesity is not a typical issue for patients with Parkinson's disease. As mentioned earlier, weight loss is more common due to the disease's impact on motor function and the effort required for daily activities.

A. Hemoglobin: 12.0 g/dL (normal range: 13.5-17.5 g/dL) B. Serum Creatinine: 1.3 mg/dL (normal range: 0.6-1.2 mg/dL) C. Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN): 24 mg/dL (normal range: 7-20 mg/dL) D. INR: 3.5 (normal range: 0.8-1.1)

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: A hemoglobin level of 12.0 g/dL is slightly below the normal range for men but is not the most critical concern preoperatively. It indicates mild anemia, which should be monitored but does not present an immediate high risk.

Choice B reason: A serum creatinine level of 1.3 mg/dL is slightly elevated and indicates mild renal impairment. While this should be considered, it is not as immediately concerning as a significantly abnormal coagulation value.

Choice C reason: A Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) level of 24 mg/dL is slightly above normal, indicating some renal function impairment or dehydration. However, it does not pose the most significant immediate risk compared to a high INR value.

Choice D reason: An INR of 3.5 is significantly elevated and indicates a high risk of bleeding. For a surgical patient, this is the most concerning pre-op lab value because it suggests that the patient's blood is not clotting properly. This increases the risk of excessive bleeding during and after surgery, making it a priority to address before proceeding with the operation.

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Which patient statement indicates to the nurse that additional instruction is needed for a patient with chronic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which clinical problem would the nurse include in the care plan for a patient with Parkinson's disease (PD)?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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