Which sequence best describes the direction of blood flow through the heart and lungs?
Vena cava → Right atrium → Right ventricle → Lungs → Pulmonary artery → Left atrium → Left ventricle.
Right atrium → Right ventricle → Pulmonary vein → Lungs → Pulmonary artery → Left atrium → Left ventricle.
Right atrium → Right ventricle → Pulmonary artery → Lungs → Pulmonary vein → Left atrium → Left ventricle.
Right atrium → Right ventricle → Lungs → Pulmonary vein → Pulmonary artery → Left atrium → Left ventricle → Vena cava.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
This sequence is incorrect because it suggests that blood goes from the lungs to the pulmonary artery, which is not accurate. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.
Choice B rationale
This sequence is incorrect because it suggests that blood goes from the pulmonary vein to the lungs, which is not accurate. The pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
Choice C rationale
This sequence correctly describes the direction of blood flow through the heart and lungs. Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium, goes to the right ventricle, then is sent to the lungs via the pulmonary artery. After picking up oxygen in the lungs, the blood returns to the heart via the pulmonary vein, entering the left atrium, then the left ventricle, from where it is pumped out to the rest of the body.
Choice D rationale
This sequence is incorrect because it suggests that blood goes from the pulmonary vein to the pulmonary artery, which is not accurate. The pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart, and the pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Skin hyperpigmentation is a common symptom of chronic venous insufficiency. This happens because blood pools in the veins and can leak into the surrounding tissue, causing a change in skin color.
Choice B rationale
Gangrene is not a typical symptom of chronic venous insufficiency. Gangrene is a serious condition that occurs when tissue dies due to a lack of blood flow.
Choice C rationale
Edema, or swelling, is a common symptom of chronic venous insufficiency, but it typically occurs in the lower legs and ankles, not above the knee.
Choice D rationale
Deep vein thrombus formation is not a typical symptom of chronic venous insufficiency. However, a history of deep vein thrombosis can increase the risk of developing chronic venous insufficiency.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Increasing glomerular filtration would result in increased urine output, not decreased venous return. This action is not directly related to the therapeutic action of nitroglycerin.
Choice B rationale
While enhancing the contractility of the myocardium would increase oxygen delivery, this is not the primary action of nitroglycerin. Nitroglycerin primarily works by dilating the blood vessels, which reduces the amount of work the heart has to do and increases the blood supply to the heart muscle.
Choice C rationale
Nitroglycerin does not produce an immediate analgesic effect. While it can relieve chest pain, it does so by increasing blood flow to the heart, not by acting as an analgesic.
Choice D rationale
Nitroglycerin increases the coronary blood supply and decreases the afterload314. By dilating the blood vessels, nitroglycerin reduces the amount of work the heart has to do and increases the blood supply to the heart muscle. This is the primary therapeutic action of nitroglycerin in alleviating chest pain.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today