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Which statements by the client indicate a good understanding of foot care in peripheral vascular disease? (Select all that apply.)

"A good abrasive pumice stone will keep my feet soft.”.

"I always wear shoes, even if I can only buy cheap flip-flops.”.

"I will keep my feet dry, especially between the toes.”.

"Lotion is important to keep my feet smooth and soft.”.

"Washing my feet in room-temperature water is best.”.

"I will inspect my feet daily.”.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,E,F

Choice A rationale

Abrasive pumice stones should be avoided in peripheral vascular disease. The reduced blood flow and neuropathy in this condition make the skin more fragile and susceptible to injury. Abrasions or small cuts from a pumice stone can lead to non-healing ulcers and serious infections due to poor circulation.

Choice B rationale

Wearing cheap flip-flops is not a good practice. They offer inadequate support and protection. Clients with peripheral vascular disease often have reduced sensation (neuropathy), making them unaware of foot injuries from ill-fitting or unprotected footwear. Properly fitting, supportive shoes are essential for foot protection.

Choice C rationale

Keeping feet dry, especially between the toes, prevents maceration and fungal infections like athlete's foot. In peripheral vascular disease, even minor skin breaks can become entry points for pathogens, leading to severe infections and ulcers that are difficult to heal due to compromised circulation.

Choice D rationale

Applying lotion is beneficial for dry skin but it should not be applied between the toes. Applying lotion between the toes can create a moist environment that promotes fungal growth. Fungal infections can lead to skin breakdown, which is a significant risk for ulceration and infection in clients with poor circulation.

Choice E rationale

Washing feet in room-temperature water is critical for client safety. Clients with peripheral vascular disease often have sensory deficits (neuropathy) and may not be able to accurately perceive temperature. Using hot water could easily cause burns, which in a client with poor circulation can lead to severe, non-healing wounds.

Choice F rationale

Daily inspection of the feet is a cornerstone of self-care for peripheral vascular disease. Clients should be taught to look for any cuts, sores, blisters, or redness. Early detection of these issues allows for prompt intervention before they can progress into serious, difficult-to-treat infections or ulcers.

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Correct Answer is ["167"]

Explanation

Step 1 is to calculate the total infusion time in hours: 0700 - 1900 = 12 hours.

Step 2 is to calculate the infusion rate in mL/hour: 2000 mL ÷ 12 hours = 166.666. mL/hour.

Step 3 is to round the infusion rate to the nearest whole number as is common practice for IV pumps: 167 mL/hour. The final calculated infusion rate is 167 mL/hour.

A. "No, women should only have one beer a day as a general rule.”. B. "No, you should not drink any alcohol with hypertension.”. C. "Yes, since you are larger, you can have more alcohol.”. D. "Yes, two beers per day is an acceptable amount of alcohol.”. ---

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

The recommendation for alcohol consumption is based on sex-specific metabolism and risk profiles. The liver metabolizes alcohol via alcohol dehydrogenase. Women generally have lower levels of this enzyme, leading to a higher blood alcohol concentration from the same amount of alcohol compared to men. This increased exposure elevates the risk of alcohol-related health issues, including a heightened risk for hypertension, hence the recommendation of one drink per day.

Choice B rationale

While abstaining from alcohol is often the safest choice for individuals with hypertension, a complete prohibition is not universally mandated for all clients. Current guidelines acknowledge that moderate consumption, defined as one drink per day for women, may not significantly worsen hypertension in some individuals. However, exceeding this amount can cause a dose-dependent increase in blood pressure.

Choice C rationale

This statement is scientifically inaccurate and potentially dangerous. The client's size is not the sole determinant of alcohol tolerance. Female physiology, including lower body water content and different metabolic enzyme levels, contributes to a higher blood alcohol concentration. Therefore, a larger body size does not automatically confer a greater capacity to metabolize alcohol or negate its hypertensive effects.

Choice D rationale

This statement is incorrect and contradicts established health guidelines. The recommended limit for female alcohol consumption is one drink per day, which equates to one 12-ounce beer. Consuming two beers per night exceeds this recommended limit, increasing the risk of developing or worsening hypertension and other cardiovascular complications due to the direct vasoconstrictive effects of alcohol.

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Which statements by the client indicate a good understanding of foot care in peripheral vascular disease? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

TPN 2,000 mL is ordered to infuse from 1900 to 0700. Using an IV controller, how many milliliters per hour should be infused?

Correct Answer is ["167"]

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a female client about alcohol intake and how it affects hypertension. The client asks if drinking two beers a night is an acceptable intake.What answer by the nurse is best?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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