Which step should the nurse take first when preparing to provide culturally competent care?

Assess the patient’s cultural beliefs and practices

Complete a cultural competence training program

Consult with a cultural liaison or interpreter

Review the patient’s medical history for cultural clues

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Assessing the patient’s cultural beliefs and practices first ensures care aligns with their values, promoting trust and effectiveness. This patient-centered approach guides subsequent actions, making it the priority step for cultural competence.

Choice B reason: Completing cultural competence training enhances knowledge but is a preparatory step, not the first action with a patient. Direct assessment of the patient’s beliefs ensures immediate relevance, making training secondary.

Choice C reason: Consulting a cultural liaison or interpreter is useful but follows assessment of the patient’s needs. Understanding specific beliefs first ensures targeted communication, making consultation a subsequent step in care delivery.

Choice D reason: Reviewing medical history may provide cultural clues but is less direct than assessing the patient’s current beliefs. Patient-reported cultural practices are more accurate, making history review a secondary action.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: pH 7.35, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, HCO3- 25 mEq/L are normal values, indicating no acidosis. Metabolic acidosis involves low pH and low bicarbonate, which this does not show, making it incorrect.

Choice B reason: pH 7.4 is normal, and HCO3- 35 mEq/L suggests metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis. Renal failure and diabetes typically cause acidosis due to acid accumulation, making this inconsistent with metabolic acidosis.

Choice C reason: pH 7.3 (low) and HCO3- 19 mEq/L (low) with normal PaCO2 indicate metabolic acidosis, common in renal failure due to impaired acid excretion and diabetic ketoacidosis, making this the correct choice.

Choice D reason: pH 7.45 and HCO3- 30 mEq/L suggest metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis. Elevated bicarbonate is opposite to the low levels expected in metabolic acidosis, making this incorrect for the patient’s condition.

A. The client holds his breath for 10 seconds after inhaling the medication B. The client exhales as the medication is released from the inhaler C. The client takes a quick inhalation while releasing the medication D. The client waits 10 minutes between inhalations

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Holding breath for 10 seconds after inhaling albuterol allows medication deposition in the lungs, maximizing bronchodilation. This demonstrates correct technique, ensuring effective asthma relief, making it the correct indicator of understanding.

Choice B reason: Exhaling during medication release expels the drug, reducing lung deposition and effectiveness. Proper technique involves inhaling during actuation, making this incorrect and indicative of poor inhaler use understanding.

Choice C reason: A quick inhalation during medication release is suboptimal, as slow, deep inhalation ensures better drug delivery. This rushed technique reduces efficacy, making it incorrect for demonstrating proper inhaler use.

Choice D reason: Waiting 10 minutes between inhalations is excessive; albuterol doses are typically 1–2 minutes apart. This indicates misunderstanding of dosing intervals, making it incorrect for proper inhaler technique.

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Which step should the nurse take first when preparing to provide culturally competent care?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a diabetic patient in renal failure. Which laboratory findings are consistent with metabolic acidosis?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to teach a client who has asthma about how to use an albuterol inhaler. Which of the following actions by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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