While performing a skin assessment on an older adult, the nurse notices a number of irregular, round, brownish-colored lesions on the client's hands, arms, and face. On palpation, they are flat and slightly rough to the touch. Based on this assessment finding, which action should the nurse implement?

Apply lubricating lotion to the areas.

Refer the client for a skin lesion biopsy.

Ask about recent international travel.

Record the presence of senile lentigines.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Lubricating lotion may be helpful for dry skin but is not necessary for these lesions.
B. A biopsy is not typically required for benign lesions such as senile lentigines, unless there is suspicion of malignancy.
C. Recent international travel is unrelated to the development of senile lentigines.
D. Senile lentigines, also known as "liver spots" or "age spots," are common in older adults. They are benign lesions that result from sun exposure and aging. Recording their presence is appropriate for documentation, as they are generally not harmful.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. A stage 2 pressure injury is more than just erythema; it involves partial-thickness skin loss.
B. A stage 2 pressure injury presents as a shallow open ulcer with a red or pink wound bed, indicating partial-thickness loss of dermis.
C. A deep pocket of infection and necrotic tissue describes a stage 3 or 4 pressure injury, not stage 2.
D. Visible subcutaneous tissue and sloughing are characteristics of stage 3 or 4 pressure injuries, not stage 2.

A. Prepare to administer a glucose, then insulin, then potassium infusion. B. Instruct the client to increase daily intake of potassium rich foods. C. Inform the healthcare provider of the need for potassium replacement. D. Change the plan of care to include hourly urinary output measurements.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The combination of glucose and insulin is used to shift potassium into cells, which would lower serum potassium levels further; this is not appropriate for treating hypokalemia.
B. Increasing dietary intake of potassium is important but not sufficient to correct a serum potassium level as low as 2.5 mEq/L, which requires more immediate intervention.
C. A potassium level of 2.5 mEq/L is critically low and can lead to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. The healthcare provider should be informed immediately to initiate potassium replacement therapy, likely via intravenous infusion.
D. Hourly urinary output measurements may be useful but are not the immediate priority in treating severe hypokalemia.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

During the shift change report, the nurse is told that a client has a stage 2 pressure injury. Which ulcer appearance is most likely to be observed?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The client's laboratory results indicate that the serum potassium level is 2.5 mEq/L (2.5 mmol/L). Which action should the nurse take? Reference Range: Potassium (K+) [3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L (3.5 to 5.0 mmol/L)]

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

To assess a male client's muscle strength, the nurse first asks the client to extend his arms. Before asking the client to flex his arms, what should the nurse do?

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