While the nurse is assessing a 56-year-old male with concerns about his peripheral vascular health, the nurse would educate the patient about which risk factors that can influence his peripheral vascular system? (Select all that apply)

Smoking

Diabetes

Elevated Cholesterol Levels

Hypertension

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D

A. Smoking: Smoking is a major risk factor for peripheral vascular disease as it contributes to vascular damage and atherosclerosis.

B. Diabetes: Diabetes increases the risk of peripheral vascular disease by contributing to endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis.

C. Elevated Cholesterol Levels: High cholesterol levels contribute to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in peripheral vessels.

D. Hypertension: High blood pressure can lead to damage of blood vessels and increase the risk of peripheral vascular disease.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Gallops refer to abnormal heart sounds that occur during the cardiac cycle, not typically associated with sounds over the carotid artery.

B. Murmurs are abnormal heart sounds that occur due to turbulent blood flow in the heart, not typically related to the carotid artery.

C. Normal findings would not usually include high-pitched swooshing sounds over the carotid artery; such sounds are abnormal.

D. Bruits are abnormal sounds caused by turbulent blood flow in the arteries, which can be detected as high-pitched swooshing sounds over the carotid artery, often indicative of stenosis or narrowing of the vessel.

A. S3 B. S1 C. S2 D. S4

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. S3: This sound is associated with early diastole, often related to heart failure or volume overload.

B. S1: The first heart sound (S1) marks the beginning of systole and corresponds to the closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves.

C. S2: The second heart sound (S2) indicates the end of systole and the beginning of diastole, associated with the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves.

D. S4: This sound is associated with late diastole, often related to decreased ventricular compliance.

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While the nurse is assessing a 56-year-old male with concerns about his peripheral vascular health, the nurse would educate the patient about which risk factors that can influence his peripheral vascular system? (Select all that apply)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse hears high-pitched swooshing sounds over the carotid artery on the right side. What is this sound indicative of?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

During the cardiac cycle heart sounds correlate with events of the cycle. Which is being associated with systole?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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