When auscultating a client's heart sounds, the nurse hears a louder S2 when listening at the 2nd intercostal space right sternal border. The nurse determines that this finding is consistent with the closure of which heart valves?
Pulmonic and tricuspid
Mitral and aortic
Aortic and pulmonic
Tricuspid and mitral
The Correct Answer is C
A. Pulmonic and tricuspid: The tricuspid valve's closure is not primarily audible at the 2nd intercostal space right sternal border; it is better heard at the lower left sternal border.
B. Mitral and aortic: The mitral valve is best heard at the apex of the heart, not the 2nd intercostal space right sternal border.
C. Aortic and pulmonic: The 2nd intercostal space right sternal border is the area where the aortic and pulmonic valves are auscultated. The louder S2 here indicates the closure of these valves, with the aortic valve being the primary source of sound in this area.
D. Tricuspid and mitral: These valves are best heard at other locations, with the tricuspid valve near the lower left sternal border and the mitral valve at the apex.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Bronchitis primarily causes coughing and mucus production, and does not specifically relate to trouble breathing while lying down.
B. Heart failure often leads to orthopnea (difficulty breathing while lying flat) and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (waking up at night with difficulty breathing). These symptoms align with the client's reported issues.
C. Pneumonia usually presents with acute symptoms such as cough, fever, and chest pain, rather than the specific nocturnal breathing difficulty described.
D. Tuberculosis typically involves symptoms like chronic cough, night sweats, and weight loss, rather than difficulty breathing while lying down.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Stress incontinence: This occurs when urine leaks due to increased abdominal pressure from activities like coughing or laughing, indicating a weakness in the pelvic floor muscles.
B. Obstructive incontinence: This is not a recognized type of urinary incontinence; it may refer to urinary obstruction issues, which are different from stress incontinence.
C. Overflow incontinence: This involves leakage due to an overfilled bladder and is not typically related to activities that increase abdominal pressure.
D. Urge incontinence: This involves a sudden, intense urge to urinate and may lead to involuntary leakage, but it is not specifically linked to coughing or laughing.
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