When auscultating a client's heart sounds, the nurse hears a louder S2 when listening at the 2nd intercostal space right sternal border. The nurse determines that this finding is consistent with the closure of which heart valves?

Pulmonic and tricuspid

Mitral and aortic

Aortic and pulmonic

Tricuspid and mitral

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Pulmonic and tricuspid: The tricuspid valve's closure is not primarily audible at the 2nd intercostal space right sternal border; it is better heard at the lower left sternal border.

B. Mitral and aortic: The mitral valve is best heard at the apex of the heart, not the 2nd intercostal space right sternal border.

C. Aortic and pulmonic: The 2nd intercostal space right sternal border is the area where the aortic and pulmonic valves are auscultated. The louder S2 here indicates the closure of these valves, with the aortic valve being the primary source of sound in this area.

D. Tricuspid and mitral: These valves are best heard at other locations, with the tricuspid valve near the lower left sternal border and the mitral valve at the apex.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Caffeine intake: Can cause a temporary increase in blood pressure due to its stimulant effects.

B. Post meal: While eating can cause temporary changes in blood pressure, it is less likely to be a significant factor compared to other causes.

C. Stress: Can lead to temporary increases in blood pressure due to the body's stress response.

D. Drinking a glass of water: Typically does not significantly affect blood pressure unless there is an underlying issue such as dehydration.

E. Time of day: Blood pressure can naturally vary throughout the day, often being higher in the morning and lower in the evening.

A. Systolic murmur B. Diastolic murmur C. Absent murmur D. Very faint murmur

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Systolic murmur: Systolic murmurs occur during systole and include conditions like aortic stenosis or mitral regurgitation.

B. Diastolic murmur: Aortic insufficiency/regurgitation occurs during diastole when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow back into the left ventricle.

C. Absent murmur: Aortic insufficiency/regurgitation is not classified as absent; it is detectable with auscultation.

D. Very faint murmur: Although aortic regurgitation murmurs can vary in intensity, the classification pertains to the timing of the murmur, not its loudness.

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When auscultating a client's heart sounds, the nurse hears a louder S2 when listening at the 2nd intercostal space right sternal border. The nurse determines that this finding is consistent with the closure of which heart valves?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

After taking the vital signs of a client, the nurse notes the client has a high systolic blood pressure reading. Which factors should the nurse include when explaining the possible cause of this increase? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

Aortic insufficiency/regurgitation murmur is classified as a:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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