While the nurse prepares an injection for a client, the needle cap falls on the floor. Which action indicates that the injection will be sterile?

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a form of nutrition that is administered intravenously when a client is unable to eat or absorb nutrients orally or enterally. TPN solutions contain a high concentration of glucose, which provides the body with energy. Therefore, the nurse must closely monitor the client's glucose levels, as TPN can cause hyperglycemia (high blood sugar levels).

Frequent monitoring of blood glucose levels is necessary to ensure that the client's blood sugar stays within an acceptable range. Hyperglycemia can lead to a variety of complications, including dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and damage to organs such as the kidneys and eyes. If the client's blood glucose levels are consistently high, adjustments to the TPN solution may be necessary, or insulin may need to be administered to help regulate blood sugar levels.

Therefore, glucose is the laboratory result that the nurse must closely monitor when a client is receiving TPN via a central venous access device (CVAD).

This is because the outcome of the plan is for the client to learn self-glucose testing, which implies that the client can perform the testing correctly on their own. Option A shows that the client has successfully learned and can perform the skill independently, which is the ultimate goal of the plan.

Option B, "Client says 'I can do the testing now'," and option C, "Client explains the testing process to the nurse," may show that the client has some understanding of the testing process, but they do not demonstrate that the client can perform the skill independently.

Option D, "Client observes the nurse test glucose 5 times," is not an appropriate method for evaluating the client's ability to perform self-glucose testing. Observing the nurse perform the skill does not demonstrate that the client has learned the skill themselves.