You are caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with Diabetes Insipidus. You know that because of decreasing amount of water in the body, the patient is MOST at risk for:

Hypernatremia, and subsequent seizures

Hyponatremia, and subsequent water intoxication

Hyperkalemia, and subsequent seizures

Fluid volume overload, and subsequent crackles in the lungs

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Hypernatremia is a condition where the sodium level in the blood is abnormally high. This occurs in DI due to excessive water loss without adequate replacement. Seizures can be a serious complication of severe hypernatremia as it disrupts the normal function of the brain.
B.   Hyponatremia is low sodium levels, which is opposite to what happens in DI.
C.   Hyperkalemia is high potassium levels, unrelated to DI.
D.   Fluid volume overload is also opposite to what happens in DI, as patients with DI lose excessive fluids.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Anemia is a decrease in red blood cells, opposite to the condition described.
B. Hypoxic drive refers to the body's adaptation to use low oxygen levels as a stimulus to breathe, not an increase in red blood cells.
C. Polycythemia refers to an abnormal increase in red blood cells, which is a compensatory mechanism for chronic hypoxia.
D. Pancytopenia is a decrease in all types of blood cells, not an increase in one specific type.

A. As sugar levels in the blood rise, the pancreas releases Insulin to move sugar into the cells B. The liver is the main organ of blood sugar control in the body C. As sugar levels in the blood fall, the pancreas releases Insulin to move sugar into the cells D. As sugar levels in the blood rise, the liver releases Glucagon to move sugar into the cells

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. When blood sugar levels increase, the pancreas releases insulin. Insulin helps glucose move from the bloodstream into the cells for energy.
B. While the liver plays a crucial role in blood sugar regulation, the pancreas and its hormones, insulin and glucagon, are primarily responsible.
C. When blood sugar levels fall, the pancreas releases glucagon, not insulin.
D. Glucagon is released when blood sugar levels are low, not high.

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You are caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with Diabetes Insipidus. You know that because of decreasing amount of water in the body, the patient is MOST at risk for:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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