You are caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with Diabetes Insipidus. You know that because of decreasing amount of water in the body, the patient is MOST at risk for:
Hypernatremia, and subsequent seizures
Hyponatremia, and subsequent water intoxication
Hyperkalemia, and subsequent seizures
Fluid volume overload, and subsequent crackles in the lungs
The Correct Answer is A
A. Hypernatremia is a condition where the sodium level in the blood is abnormally high. This occurs in DI due to excessive water loss without adequate replacement. Seizures can be a serious complication of severe hypernatremia as it disrupts the normal function of the brain.
B. Hyponatremia is low sodium levels, which is opposite to what happens in DI.
C. Hyperkalemia is high potassium levels, unrelated to DI.
D. Fluid volume overload is also opposite to what happens in DI, as patients with DI lose excessive fluids.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Asthma is a reversible obstructive airway disease characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways. With proper management and medication, asthma symptoms can be controlled, and airway obstruction can be reversed.
B. COPD is a progressive, irreversible lung disease that involves damage to the alveoli and airways. While symptoms can be managed, the underlying lung damage is permanent.
C. Emphysema is a type of COPD characterized by destruction of the alveoli. It is irreversible.
D. Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchial tubes. While acute bronchitis can be reversed, chronic bronchitis is a component of COPD and is therefore irreversible.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. While this is appropriate for mild hypoglycemia, the patient is lethargic, indicating a more severe state.
B. While the provider should be notified, immediate intervention is necessary to treat the hypoglycemia.
C. A blood glucose of 52 is dangerously low, and the patient is exhibiting symptoms of severe hypoglycemia. Administering 15 grams of simple carbohydrates, such as glucose tablets or juice, is the quickest way to raise blood sugar levels.
D. While rechecking blood glucose is important, it is not the priority. Immediate intervention to raise blood sugar levels is crucial.
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