You are explaining the importance of strict intake and output for patients with pulmonary alterations. What is the rationale for careful intake and output for patients with pulmonary alterations?

Excessive fluid losses may lead to dehydration and hypovolemic shock.

Hemodilution may cause deleterious hypernatremia.

Fluid volume excess can lead to right-sided heart failure.

Fluid retention occurs with tachypnea.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Excessive fluid losses may lead to dehydration, but this is not typically a primary concern for patients with pulmonary alterations unless there is significant vomiting, diarrhea, or blood loss.
B. Hemodilution is not a common concern in patients with pulmonary alterations. Hypernatremia typically occurs with fluid loss or inadequate fluid intake, but it is not a direct concern related to pulmonary issues.
C. Fluid volume excess can lead to right-sided heart failure in patients with pulmonary alterations. If fluid accumulates, it can worsen pulmonary symptoms and increase the workload on the heart, potentially leading to right-sided heart failure.
D. Fluid retention with tachypnea is not typically a direct cause of fluid retention. While tachypnea is associated with respiratory distress, fluid retention is more closely linked to heart failure or kidney dysfunction.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Discontinuing the tube feeding and transitioning to parenteral nutrition is not the first action, as the residual volume may be manageable with additional interventions.
B. A residual volume of 200 mL is above the usual threshold, so the nurse should stop the feeding, wait, and recheck the residual to assess if it improves.
C. While positioning can help gastric emptying, the immediate action should be to stop the feeding and reassess before continuing.
D. Continuing the feeding without rechecking the residual volume would be premature, as the volume is higher than expected, potentially increasing the risk of aspiration.

A. Fidelity B. Nonmaleficence C. Beneficence D. Veracity

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Fidelity refers to being loyal, faithful, and keeping promises, but it is not the primary principle when obtaining informed consent.
B. Nonmaleficence means "do no harm," which is important in healthcare but does not directly relate to the process of informed consent.
C. Beneficence involves promoting good and acting in the best interest of the patient but is secondary to ensuring informed consent is given.
D. Veracity is the ethical principle of truth-telling. It is most important when obtaining informed consent because the patient must fully understand the information about the procedure, including the risks and benefits, before giving consent.

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You are explaining the importance of strict intake and output for patients with pulmonary alterations. What is the rationale for careful intake and output for patients with pulmonary alterations?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which ethical principle is most important when soliciting informed consent from a patient?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which signs would alert the nurse to possible nutritional alterations? (Select all that apply, one, some, or all.)

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