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You are explaining the importance of strict intake and output for patients with pulmonary alterations. What is the rationale for careful intake and output for patients with pulmonary alterations?

A.

Excessive fluid losses may lead to dehydration and hypovolemic shock.

B.

Hemodilution may cause deleterious hypernatremia.

C.

Fluid volume excess can lead to right-sided heart failure.

D.

Fluid retention occurs with tachypnea.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Excessive fluid losses may lead to dehydration, but this is not typically a primary concern for patients with pulmonary alterations unless there is significant vomiting, diarrhea, or blood loss.  
B. Hemodilution is not a common concern in patients with pulmonary alterations. Hypernatremia typically occurs with fluid loss or inadequate fluid intake, but it is not a direct concern related to pulmonary issues.  
C. Fluid volume excess can lead to right-sided heart failure in patients with pulmonary alterations. If fluid accumulates, it can worsen pulmonary symptoms and increase the workload on the heart, potentially leading to right-sided heart failure.  
D. Fluid retention with tachypnea is not typically a direct cause of fluid retention. While tachypnea is associated with respiratory distress, fluid retention is more closely linked to heart failure or kidney dysfunction.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Administering aspirin is incorrect because aspirin is ineffective in reducing core temperature in heat stroke and can increase the risk of bleeding.
B. Providing oral fluids is incorrect because the patient is confused and at risk for aspiration; IV fluids are preferred.
C. Applying a cooling blanket is correct because this patient is experiencing heat stroke, and rapid cooling is essential to prevent organ damage. Cooling blankets, ice packs, and immersion in cool water are key interventions.
D. Giving salt tablets is incorrect as rapid sodium replacement can cause fluid shifts and worsen the condition; IV fluids are preferred.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Excessive fluid losses may lead to dehydration, but this is not typically a primary concern for patients with pulmonary alterations unless there is significant vomiting, diarrhea, or blood loss.
B. Hemodilution is not a common concern in patients with pulmonary alterations. Hypernatremia typically occurs with fluid loss or inadequate fluid intake, but it is not a direct concern related to pulmonary issues.
C. Fluid volume excess can lead to right-sided heart failure in patients with pulmonary alterations. If fluid accumulates, it can worsen pulmonary symptoms and increase the workload on the heart, potentially leading to right-sided heart failure.
D. Fluid retention with tachypnea is not typically a direct cause of fluid retention. While tachypnea is associated with respiratory distress, fluid retention is more closely linked to heart failure or kidney dysfunction.

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