You are explaining the importance of strict intake and output for patients with pulmonary alterations. What is the rationale for careful intake and output for patients with pulmonary alterations?
Excessive fluid losses may lead to dehydration and hypovolemic shock.
Hemodilution may cause deleterious hypernatremia.
Fluid volume excess can lead to right-sided heart failure.
Fluid retention occurs with tachypnea.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Excessive fluid losses may lead to dehydration, but this is not typically a primary concern for patients with pulmonary alterations unless there is significant vomiting, diarrhea, or blood loss.
B. Hemodilution is not a common concern in patients with pulmonary alterations. Hypernatremia typically occurs with fluid loss or inadequate fluid intake, but it is not a direct concern related to pulmonary issues.
C. Fluid volume excess can lead to right-sided heart failure in patients with pulmonary alterations. If fluid accumulates, it can worsen pulmonary symptoms and increase the workload on the heart, potentially leading to right-sided heart failure.
D. Fluid retention with tachypnea is not typically a direct cause of fluid retention. While tachypnea is associated with respiratory distress, fluid retention is more closely linked to heart failure or kidney dysfunction.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Sodium Bicarbonate is incorrect as it is not a first-line treatment for VF. It may be considered in cases of severe acidosis or hyperkalemia.
B. Amiodarone is incorrect as it is used as an antiarrhythmic, but epinephrine is administered first during cardiac arrest to increase perfusion.
C. Epinephrine is correct because it is the first-line drug given in ventricular fibrillation that persists after defibrillation. It increases coronary and cerebral perfusion and enhances the effectiveness of subsequent defibrillation attempts.
D. Lidocaine is incorrect as it is an antiarrhythmic that may be considered after epinephrine and amiodarone, but it is not the first choice.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. 2g is correct because for patients with liver dysfunction, the maximum recommended dose of acetaminophen is reduced to 2 grams per day to prevent hepatotoxicity.
B. 500 mg is incorrect because while lower doses may be given at a time, the total daily limit for liver-compromised patients is higher than 500 mg.
C. 4g is incorrect as this is the maximum dose for healthy adults with normal liver function, but it is too high for those with liver disease.
D. 1g is incorrect because while it is a single-dose limit, the daily maximum for patients with liver dysfunction is 2g, not 1g.
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