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"Placenta previa usually results in a higher risk of maternal hypertension, while abruptio placentae is commonly associated with a low-risk pregnancy.This is incorrect because abruptio placentae, not placenta previa, is associated with maternal hypertension (e.g., preeclampsia, chronic hypertension). Placenta previa is not related to blood pressure issues.

"Placenta previa is characterized by sudden onset of severe abdominal pain and uterine tenderness, while abruptio placentae is associated with painless bleeding."This is incorrect because placenta previa presents with painless, bright red vaginal bleeding, while abruptio placentae causes sudden, severe abdominal pain, uterine tenderness, and possibly dark red bleeding.

"Placenta previa typically presents with severe pain and contractions, whereas abruptio placentae involves painless bleeding without contractions."This is incorrect because placenta previa does not cause pain or contractions. In contrast, abruptio placentae often presents with painful contractions and uterine hypertonicity.

"The placenta is the site of gas exchange for the fetus."This is correct because the placenta facilitates oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange between maternal and fetal circulation without direct blood mixing.

"The umbilical arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta."This is correct because the two umbilical arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta, where gas exchange occurs.

"The fetal heart pumps blood to both the placenta and the developing organs."This is correct because the fetal heart pumps oxygenated blood to its developing organs and sends deoxygenated blood to the placenta for gas exchange.

Retained placental fragmentsThis is incorrect because retained placental fragments are more commonly associated with prolonged third-stage labor or incomplete placental expulsion, rather than fetal macrosomia.

Puerperal infectionThis is incorrect because puerperal infection is usually related to prolonged rupture of membranes, poor hygiene, or invasive procedures, rather than fetal size alone.

ThrombophlebitisWhile pregnancy increases the risk of clot formation, the most immediate concern for this client is uterine atony and postpartum hemorrhage.

During the next attempt to get pregnantThis is incorrect because waiting until the next pregnancy increases the risk of congenital rubella syndrome in future pregnancies. The vaccine should be given immediately postpartum to provide immunity.

During the third trimester of pregnancyThis is incorrect because live vaccines are contraindicated in pregnancy due to the risk of fetal infection.

During the first trimester of pregnancyThis is incorrect because administering a live vaccine early in pregnancy is dangerous and could cause fetal harm or congenital anomalies.

Positive pregnancy testThis is incorrect because a positive pregnancy test is a probable sign, not a positive sign. It detects hCG, which can also be produced in conditions like gestational trophoblastic disease (molar pregnancy).

Hegar’s signThis is incorrect because Hegar’s sign (softening of the lower uterus) is a probable sign, not a positive sign, as it can occur due to other physiological changes.

Breast tenderness and nauseaThis is incorrect because breast tenderness and nausea are presumptive signs of pregnancy, meaning they are subjective symptoms that could be caused by other conditions (e.g., PMS, stress, illness).

"It halts cervical dilation."This is incorrect because betamethasone does not stop cervical dilation or preterm labor. Medications like tocolytics (e.g., nifedipine, magnesium sulfate, terbutaline) are used to delay labor, while betamethasone is given to enhance fetal lung maturity.

"It increases the fetal heart rate."This is incorrect because betamethasone does not directly increase fetal heart rate. While corticosteroids may cause temporary fetal tachycardia, their primary role is enhancing fetal lung development.

"It is used to stop preterm labor contractions."This is incorrect because betamethasone does not stop contractions. Tocolytics like nifedipine, magnesium sulfate, and terbutaline are used for that purpose, whereas betamethasone is specifically for fetal lung development.

Observe an area of redness on the breast of a client who is 1 day postpartum.Assessment is outside the scope of practice for an AP. The nurse must assess the redness, as it could indicate mastitis or engorgement requiring further evaluation.

Monitor vital signs during admission of a client who has gestational hypertension.Clients with gestational hypertension require close monitoring, and initial admission assessments, including vital signs, must be performed by the nurse to identify signs of preeclampsia or worsening hypertension.

Change the initial perineal pad of a client who just transferred from labor and delivery.The first perineal pad change is an assessment opportunity for the nurse, allowing them to evaluate bleeding amount, presence of clots, and signs of postpartum hemorrhage. The nurse should perform the initial assessment and pad change before delegating routine hygiene tasks to the AP.