37 year old patient admitted for exploratory colonoscopy.
Surgical note
Patient is a 37 year old male with no past medical history taken today for exploratory colonoscopy with possible surgical intervention. Prior to surgery patient reported lower abdominal pain 8 out of 10, no blood or mucus in stool. Blood cultures were taken and resulted negative. Colonoscopy performed and shows normal tissue surrounding in descending colon. Diverticular abscess in sigmoid colon noted. Incision and drainage performed and samples obtained for colonic tissue culture. Patient to be started on antibiotics for abscess, pending culture results.
A nurse is caring for the patient post colonoscopy. The nurse reviews the medication administration record and notes a one time dose of cefazolin was given prior to the procedure. The healthcare provider then places a new order for ampicillin/sulbactam. Complete the following sentence by using the list of options.
The nurse understands that the antibiotic given prior to surgery is considered
The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"C","dropdown-group-2":"E"}
i) Prophylactic: The cefazolin administered prior to the colonoscopy was intended to prevent potential infection related to the surgical procedure. Prophylactic antibiotics are given to reduce the risk of postoperative infections in patients undergoing surgeries, especially those involving the gastrointestinal tract.
ii) Empiric: The ampicillin/sulbactam prescribed post-procedure is used empirically to treat the diverticular abscess while awaiting culture results. Empiric therapy is based on clinical judgment to target likely pathogens before specific culture data are available, ensuring timely treatment of the infection.
Incorrect:
Curative: Refers to treatment aimed at eradicating a disease, not applicable to the initial prophylactic dose or empirical use of antibiotics.
Therapeutic: Broadly refers to treatment, but in this context, "empiric" more precisely describes the rationale for antibiotic use.
Diagnostic: Involves tests or procedures to determine a diagnosis, not relevant to the use of antibiotics.
Adjunctive: Refers to supplementary treatment, which does not describe the primary role of the antibiotics.
Maintenance: Involves ongoing treatment to prevent recurrence, which is not relevant here.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["1"]
Explanation
Determine the total daily dosage:
The client is prescribed 1.5 grams of tetracycline daily.
Calculate the dosage per dose:
The medication is to be administered in divided doses every 8 hours.
There are 24 hours in a day, so the medication is given 24/8 = 3 times a day.
Therefore, the dosage per dose is 1.5 grams / 3 doses = 0.5 grams per dose.
Convert the dosage per dose to milligrams:
There are 1000 milligrams in 1 gram.
0.5 grams per dose = 0.5 x 1000 = 500 milligrams per dose.
Determine the number of capsules per dose:
Each capsule contains 500 milligrams of tetracycline.
The nurse needs to administer 500 milligrams per dose.
Therefore, the nurse should administer 500 milligrams / 500 milligrams per capsule = 1 capsule per dose.
Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"C","dropdown-group-2":"D"}
Explanation
i) Acyclovir: The presence of small pinpoint vesicles and pustules on the labia majora, along with a history of painful perineal sores, muscle aches, and chills, suggests genital herpes, a viral infection caused by the herpes simplex virus. Acyclovir, an antiviral medication, is commonly prescribed to manage outbreaks and reduce symptoms.
ii) Perineal sores: The client's report of a recent episode of painful sores, discomfort while sitting, and the observation of vesicles with clear drainage are classic signs of genital herpes. These findings support the need for an antiviral medication like acyclovir to treat the condition effectively.
Incorrect:
Amoxicillin and penicillin: These antibiotics are indicated for bacterial infections but not for viral conditions like genital herpes.
Metronidazole: Used for bacterial vaginosis or trichomoniasis, it is not appropriate for treating herpes.
Ibuprofen: This may help alleviate discomfort but does not address the underlying cause of the symptoms.
Fluconazole: Used for fungal infections, such as candidiasis, it does not treat viral infections.
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