A 17-year old was injured after diving into shallow water. He was transported to the emergency department where imaging indicated he suffered a spinal cord injury. Based on this information, what mechanism likely caused the spinal cord injury?

hyperextension

compression

flexion-rotation

flexion

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A Rationale: hyperextension is when the neck is bent backward beyond its normal range of motion. This can happen in a rear-end collision or a fall on the back of the head.

Choice B Rationale: A spinal cord injury occurs when there is damage to the spinal cord or the surrounding structures, such as the vertebrae, ligaments, or discs. The most common cause of spinal cord injury is trauma, which can result from direct impact, penetration, or excessive force on the spine. Diving into shallow water can cause compression of the spine, which means that the vertebrae are pushed together and squeeze the spinal cord. This can damage the nerve fibers and disrupt the communication between the brain and the body. Compression injuries can affect any part of the spine, but are more common in the cervical and thoracic regions.

Choice C Rationale: flexion-rotation is when the neck is bent and twisted at the same time. This can happen in a sports injury or a violent assault.

Choice D Rationale: This is when the neck is bent forward beyond its normal range of motion. This can cause the posterior part of the vertebral column to compress and fracture, while the anterior part of the spinal cord is stretched and injured. This can happen in a head-on collision or a fall on the face. A flexion-rotation is when the neck is bent and twisted at the same time.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A Rationale: Sedatives may not be the first choice for managing behavioral issues in clients with Alzheimer's disease, as they can increase confusion and fall risk.

Choice B Rationale: Antipsychotics may be considered in cases where behavioral issues pose a safety concern. They can help manage agitation, aggression, and other challenging behaviors.

Choice C Rationale: Cholinesterase inhibitors are used to treat cognitive symptoms of Alzheimer's disease but may not directly address behavioral issues.

Choice D Rationale: Serotonin reuptake inhibitors are typically used to manage mood disorders and may not be the first-line choice for behavioral issues in Alzheimer's disease.

A. A "He didn't remember the neighbor's name after I introduced them at the picnic" B "He discarded the utility bills but never paid them" B. C "He has been retired for 5 years but keeps talking about how excited he is to start his new job C. D "He forgets he read the newspaper and reads it over all day" D. E "found his car keys in the refrigerator and his shoes in the microwave"

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A Rationale: Forgetting names and faces, especially when previously introduced, can be a sign of memory impairment, which is common in Alzheimer's disease. Choice B Rationale: Neglecting bills and financial responsibilities is a sign of impaired executive function, which can occur in Alzheimer's disease.

Choice C Rationale: Mentioning excitement about starting a new job after retirement is a typical sign of Alzheimer's disease.

Choice D Rationale: Repeatedly forgetting that one has already read the newspaper and reading it again can be a sign of short-term memory loss, a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease.

Choice E Rationale: Placing car keys in unusual places and misplacing items like shoes in unexpected locations can be signs of disorientation and memory problems, which are common in Alzheimer's disease.

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A 17-year old was injured after diving into shallow water. He was transported to the emergency department where imaging indicated he suffered a spinal cord injury. Based on this information, what mechanism likely caused the spinal cord injury?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with Alzheimer's is having increased behavioral issues that have become a safety concern for the client and others. Which of the following medications will the nurse discuss with the physician for inclusion in the client's care plan?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A family member arrives with a client indicating that they are concerned that the client is developing Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following items described by the family member are signs of Alzheimer's Disease? Select All that Apply

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A home health nurse is reinforcing coping strategies with the family caregiver of a client who has Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

When administering the Mini-Cog exam to a patient with possible Alzheimer's disease, which action will the nurse take?

Which of the following manifestations can the nurse expect in a client with upper motor neuron deficit related to a spinal cord injury?

During a client interview, the nurse notices that the client often fills in information with made-up stories. Which stage of Alzheimer's disease will the nurse see this behavior?

A client with a new diagnosis of trigeminal neuralgia is receiving education to prevent triggering an acute onset. Which of the following will the nurse include in teaching?

The day shift nurse at the long-term care facility learns that a patient with dementia experienced sundowning late in the afternoon on the previous two days. Which is the best action by the nurse?

A nurse caring for a client with a new spinal cord injury notices that the indwelling urinary catheter has stopped flowing. What is the nurses best first action?

A nurse is caring for a client who has dementia. The client is agitated and is having difficulty staying in his chair. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?