A 2-month-old patient has a history of phimosis What statement by the father indicates a need for further teaching?
This is a normal finding as my son is uncircumcised
This means that there is a narrowing of his torch could lead to an infection"
I will make sure to pull his foreskin back to clean it every week
If this continues to be an issue, we may have hi have him circumcised
The Correct Answer is C
Phimosis is a condition in which the foreskin of the penis is tight or difficult to retract over the glans (head of the penis). It is normal for infants and young boys to have a non-retractable foreskin, and it usually resolves naturally as they grow. Pulling back the foreskin forcefully or attempting to clean under it in an infant can cause injury, pain, and even infection.
The correct approach is to gently clean the external genitalia with mild soap and water, but the foreskin should not be forcibly retracted in an infant. The foreskin will gradually become more retractable on its own as the child grows.
The other statements are generally appropriate:
A. "This is a normal finding as my son is uncircumcised": Phimosis is more common in uncircumcised males, and it is often a normal developmental variation in infants.
B. "This means that there is a narrowing of his torch that could lead to an infection": This statement recognizes the possibility of complications related to phimosis, such as the risk of infection, which is accurate.
D. "If this continues to be an issue, we may have him circumcised": Circumcision may be considered in cases where phimosis persists and causes problems, but it is usually not recommended during infancy unless medically necessary. This statement acknowledges a potential treatment option.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
The congenital heart diseases that often require multiple surgeries to correct are:
A.Tetralogy of Fallot usually requires staged surgical repairs, with multiple surgeries performed over time to address the various components of the defect.
B.Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome typically requires a series of staged surgeries, including the Norwood procedure, Glenn procedure, and Fontan procedure, to manage the condition.
E.While some cases can be corrected with a single surgery or catheter-based intervention, re-narrowing (re-coarctation) is common, especially in infants. This may necessitate repeat surgeries or balloon angioplasty later in life.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
PDA is a congenital heart defect where a blood vessel called the ductus arteriosus, which is supposed to close shortly after birth, remains open. This allows oxygenated blood from the aorta to flow back into the pulmonary artery, leading to increased pulmonary blood flow and congestion. Over time, this can lead to increased pulmonary vascular congestion and potentially cause complications such as pulmonary hypertension and heart failure.
Surgical repair of PDA, often through a procedure known as ligation or closure of the ductus arteriosus, is performed to stop this abnormal blood flow and prevent the associated complications, particularly the increase in pulmonary vascular congestion.
The other options (B, C, and D) are not the primary complications associated with PDA and surgical repair is not performed primarily to address these issues:
B. Decreased workload on the left side of the heart is not a primary reason for surgical repair of PDA, although it can be a potential benefit of closing the ductus arteriosus.
C. Pulmonary infection is not a direct complication of PDA, but the increased pulmonary blood flow associated with a large PDA can make the lungs more susceptible to respiratory infections.
D. Right-to-left shunt of blood is not a typical complication of PDA. PDA typically involves left-to-right shunting of blood, with oxygenated blood flowing back into the pulmonary circulation, leading to complications related to increased pulmonary blood flow.
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