A 46-year-old client with a high body-mass index and a sedentary lifestyle has been diagnosed with hypertension after serial blood pressure readings. The clinician has opted to begin the client on lisinopril (Zestril). The nurse should recognize that the therapeutic effect of this drug is achieved in what way?

By directly relaxing vascular smooth muscle

By blocking aldosterone from binding to mineralocorticoid receptors

By blocking the movement of calcium ions into arterial smooth muscles

By inhibiting the transformation of angiotensin I to angiotensin II

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. By directly relaxing vascular smooth muscle is not how lisinopril primarily works; it does not act directly on smooth muscle but rather affects hormonal pathways.

B. By blocking aldosterone from binding to mineralocorticoid receptors is a secondary effect of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors but not the primary action of lisinopril itself.

C. By blocking the movement of calcium ions into arterial smooth muscles describes the action of calcium channel blockers, not ACE inhibitors like lisinopril.

D. By inhibiting the transformation of angiotensin I to angiotensin II is the correct answer because lisinopril inhibits the ACE enzyme, reducing the production of angiotensin II, which lowers blood pressure and decreases strain on the heart.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine commonly used to manage alcohol withdrawal symptoms, including seizures. It acts quickly to reduce anxiety and seizure activity.

B. Phenytoin is primarily used for seizure control in conditions such as epilepsy but is not the first-line treatment for alcohol withdrawal seizures.

C. Ethosuximide is specifically used for absence seizures and is not effective for alcohol withdrawal.

D. Gabapentin is sometimes used for neuropathic pain but is not indicated for acute alcohol withdrawal or seizure management.

A. question the client about her dietary intake. B. monitor the client's blood pressure. C. weigh the client. D. monitor the client's respiratory rate.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. While dietary intake is important, especially regarding sodium and fluid balance, it is not the highest priority compared to monitoring blood pressure.

B. Monitoring the client's blood pressure is essential to evaluate the effectiveness of the prescribed antihypertensive medications and to ensure the client is within the target range for managing her hypertension.

C. Weighing the client is important for monitoring fluid retention, especially with hydrochlorothiazide, but it is secondary to direct blood pressure monitoring.

D. Monitoring the respiratory rate is generally less critical in this scenario unless there are specific concerns related to medication side effects or respiratory conditions.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is brought to the emergency department in the midst of acute alcohol withdrawal accompanied by seizure activity. What drug is most likely to meet this client's needs?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A postsurgical client has been receiving morphine by patient-controlled analgesia for 2 days. What action by the nurse best addresses potential adverse effects?

A patient is prescribed long-acting insulin (glargine) for basal control of blood glucose. Which statement by the nurse is correct when educating the patient?

A patient receiving heparin therapy develops bruising and bleeding gums. What should the nurse suspect and what is the appropriate action?

The nurse is preparing to administer a mixture of 12 units regular insulin and 45 units NPH insulin to a client with a blood sugar of 378 mg/dl. After the nurse draws the medication into the syringe, what is the nurse's next action?

A client began taking hydrochlorothiazide 1 week ago and is reporting occasional dizziness when standing up quickly from sitting or lying. What is the nurse's best action?

Interpret and spell the abbreviation : ec Enter the word below.

A client has been prescribed a tricyclic antidepressant and the nurse recognizes the client's associated risk for anticholinergic effects. What should the nurse teach the client about preventing and managing these adverse effects? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse is administering an antibiotic to a client with a diagnosis of cellulitis of the left leg. Which client condition would have the greatest effect on the drug's distribution?