A 46-year-old client with a high body-mass index and a sedentary lifestyle has been diagnosed with hypertension after serial blood pressure readings. The clinician has opted to begin the client on lisinopril (Zestril). The nurse should recognize that the therapeutic effect of this drug is achieved in what way?
By directly relaxing vascular smooth muscle
By blocking aldosterone from binding to mineralocorticoid receptors
By blocking the movement of calcium ions into arterial smooth muscles
By inhibiting the transformation of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
The Correct Answer is D
A. By directly relaxing vascular smooth muscle is not how lisinopril primarily works; it does not act directly on smooth muscle but rather affects hormonal pathways.
B. By blocking aldosterone from binding to mineralocorticoid receptors is a secondary effect of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors but not the primary action of lisinopril itself.
C. By blocking the movement of calcium ions into arterial smooth muscles describes the action of calcium channel blockers, not ACE inhibitors like lisinopril.
D. By inhibiting the transformation of angiotensin I to angiotensin II is the correct answer because lisinopril inhibits the ACE enzyme, reducing the production of angiotensin II, which lowers blood pressure and decreases strain on the heart.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Antibiotics do not typically interact with adrenergic drugs in a way that would necessitate contacting the healthcare provider before administration.
B. MAO inhibitors can cause significant interactions with adrenergic drugs, potentially leading to hypertensive crises due to increased norepinephrine levels. Therefore, the nurse should contact the healthcare provider to assess the risks before administering an adrenergic agent.
C. Diuretics may affect fluid and electrolyte balance, but they do not pose a direct interaction risk with adrenergic drugs that would require prior consultation with the healthcare provider.
D. Analgesics do not have a significant interaction with adrenergic drugs that would warrant contacting the healthcare provider, as they are used for pain management and can often be safely administered together.
Correct Answer is ["28"]
Explanation
Infusion rate (gtt/min) = (Infusion rate (mL/hr) Drop factor (gtt/mL)) / 60
In this case:
- Infusion rate (mL/hr) = 85 mL/hr
- Drop factor (gtt/mL) = 20 gtt/mL
Plugging the values into the formula:
- Infusion rate (gtt/min) = (85 mL/hr 20 gtt/mL) / 60 = 28.33 gtt/min
Rounding to the nearest whole number, the infusion rate is 28 gtt/min.
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