The nurse is administering an antibiotic to a client with a diagnosis of cellulitis of the left leg. Which client condition would have the greatest effect on the drug's distribution?

hypertension

liver dysfunction

peripheral vascular disease

diverticulitis disease

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Hypertension can affect drug distribution to some extent due to altered perfusion but is not the most significant factor impacting distribution, especially for a local condition like cellulitis.

B. Liver dysfunction primarily affects the metabolism and clearance of drugs rather than their distribution, although it may indirectly influence distribution by altering protein binding.

C. Peripheral vascular disease significantly impacts blood flow to the extremities, which can hinder the distribution of the antibiotic to the affected area (the left leg) where the cellulitis is present, leading to reduced drug efficacy.

D. Diverticulitis disease primarily affects the gastrointestinal system and would not directly influence the distribution of an antibiotic used to treat cellulitis in the leg.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. It has a peak effect of 4-6 hours is incorrect; short-acting insulin typically peaks between 2 to 3 hours after administration.

B. It should be given once daily in the evening is incorrect; short-acting insulin is usually administered before meals, not as a once-daily dose.

C. It starts to take effect within 30 minutes to 1 hour after administration is correct; this timing is critical for managing blood glucose levels during meals.

D. It has a duration of action of 24 hours is incorrect; short-acting insulin usually has a duration of about 3 to 6 hours.

A. "You will lose less potassium with spironolactone than with furosemide." B. "You will have greater potassium losses with spironolactone than with furosemide." C. "You will have greater water losses with spironolactone than with furosemide." D. "You will have greater sodium losses with spironolactone than with furosemide."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, meaning it helps retain potassium while promoting sodium and water excretion. This makes it advantageous for clients who may be at risk for hypokalemia with furosemide, which can lead to significant potassium loss.

B. This statement is incorrect; spironolactone causes less potassium loss compared to furosemide, making it a better option for those needing to maintain potassium levels.

C. This statement is misleading; spironolactone does promote diuresis but does not cause greater water losses than furosemide.

D. This is incorrect; while spironolactone does promote sodium excretion, it does not do so to a greater extent than furosemide, which is a more potent diuretic.

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The nurse is administering an antibiotic to a client with a diagnosis of cellulitis of the left leg. Which client condition would have the greatest effect on the drug's distribution?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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