The nurse is administering an antibiotic to a client with a diagnosis of cellulitis of the left leg. Which client condition would have the greatest effect on the drug's distribution?

hypertension

liver dysfunction

peripheral vascular disease

diverticulitis disease

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Hypertension can affect drug distribution to some extent due to altered perfusion but is not the most significant factor impacting distribution, especially for a local condition like cellulitis.

B. Liver dysfunction primarily affects the metabolism and clearance of drugs rather than their distribution, although it may indirectly influence distribution by altering protein binding.

C. Peripheral vascular disease significantly impacts blood flow to the extremities, which can hinder the distribution of the antibiotic to the affected area (the left leg) where the cellulitis is present, leading to reduced drug efficacy.

D. Diverticulitis disease primarily affects the gastrointestinal system and would not directly influence the distribution of an antibiotic used to treat cellulitis in the leg.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. An antipsychotic agent, particularly first-generation antipsychotics, can cause extrapyramidal symptoms such as tremors, drooling, gait changes, and spasms due to their dopamine-blocking effects in the brain.

B. An antidiabetic agent does not typically cause these neurological symptoms; its primary effects are related to glucose metabolism.

C. A general anesthetic is used to induce unconsciousness and does not generally result in muscular tremors or drooling.

D. An anticholinergic agent can cause side effects like dry mouth and constipation but does not typically lead to the muscular symptoms described; in fact, it may reduce drooling.

A. The client reports excessive thirst. B. The client's heart rate is 99 beats/min. C. The client's oral temperature is 100°F (37.8°C). D. The client had diarrhea this morning.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Excessive thirst is not a common adverse effect associated with albuterol.

B. Albuterol, a beta-agonist, can cause tachycardia as an adverse effect; a heart rate of 99 beats/min may indicate this response.

C. An oral temperature of 100°F may suggest a mild infection or other issues, but it is not a specific adverse effect of albuterol.

D. Diarrhea is not typically associated with albuterol use and is less likely to be attributed to the medication.

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The nurse is administering an antibiotic to a client with a diagnosis of cellulitis of the left leg. Which client condition would have the greatest effect on the drug's distribution?

Nursing Test Bank

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