A 5-year-old boy is brought to the emergency room with a possible broken arm. His 18-year-old sister, who is also his primary caregiver, has come with him. The boy is relatively calm, but his sister is so upset she is nearly hysterical. The nurse notes that as her behaviors show more anxiety, the boy is getting more upset and his anxiety is also increasing. What initial action would be best for the nurse to take in this situation?
While attending to the child, reassure the sister and suggest interventions she can help with.
Ask the sister if she prefers to leave the exam room.
Reassure the child that he is going to be fine and that his sister is just nervous.
Ask his sister to calm down so that she can help her brother remain calm as well.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Reassuring the sister while attending to the child and involving her in interventions reduces her anxiety, stabilizing the 5-year-old’s emotional state. This aligns with pediatric emergency care principles, making it the best initial action to manage the escalating anxiety in the emergency room.
Choice B reason: Asking the sister to leave may increase her distress and isolate the child, worsening his anxiety. Reassuring and involving her is more supportive, making this counterproductive and incorrect compared to the nurse’s role in calming both the caregiver and child effectively.
Choice C reason: Reassuring the child about his sister’s nerves doesn’t address her anxiety, which is escalating his distress. Involving the sister in care reduces both anxieties, making this insufficient and incorrect compared to the nurse’s priority of stabilizing the emotional environment in the ER.
Choice D reason: Asking the sister to calm down may heighten her distress, as she’s already hysterical, and doesn’t offer support. Reassuring and involving her helps both, making this ineffective and incorrect compared to the nurse’s action to reduce anxiety for the child and caregiver.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Interesting textures may intrigue older infants but can overwhelm new eaters, risking rejection. Bland foods are better tolerated initially, making this less suitable and incorrect compared to the nurse’s focus on foods infants accept best when introducing solids in the class.
Choice B reason: Well-heated foods risk burns and aren’t preferred by infants, who tolerate room-temperature or slightly warm foods. Bland flavors are more acceptable, making this incorrect, as it doesn’t address the taste preference infants respond to best when starting solid foods in the diet.
Choice C reason: Bland foods are gentle on infants’ sensitive palates, encouraging acceptance when introducing solids. This aligns with pediatric nutrition guidelines for transitioning diets, making it the correct factor for the nurse to highlight in teaching parents about starting solid foods for infants.
Choice D reason: Thickened foods may pose choking risks or be hard to swallow for new eaters. Bland foods are more readily accepted, making this incorrect, as it doesn’t prioritize the flavor profile infants respond to best when introducing solid foods in the parent education class.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: For a 75-lb child (34 kg), the daily dose range is 1122-1632 mg (33-48 mg/kg). Divided by 4, each dose is 280.5-408 mg. 280 mg is slightly below the minimum, making this borderline and incorrect compared to a dose within the safe therapeutic range for administration.
Choice B reason: A 75-lb child weighs 34 kg (75 ÷ 2.2). The daily dose range is 1122-1632 mg (33-48 mg/kg), so per dose (÷4) is 280.5-408 mg. 375 mg falls within this range, aligning with pediatric pharmacology, making it the correct dosage to administer per dose.
Choice C reason: For a 75-lb child (34 kg), the daily dose range is 1122-1632 mg (33-48 mg/kg), with each dose (÷4) being 280.5-408 mg. 408 mg is at the maximum but within range, making this correct but less optimal than 375 mg, which is safer within the therapeutic window.
Choice D reason: A 75-lb child (34 kg) requires 1122-1632 mg daily (33-48 mg/kg), so each dose (÷4) is 280.5-408 mg. 250 mg is below the minimum, risking underdosing, making this incorrect compared to 375 mg, which is safely within the therapeutic range for the child.
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