A 55-year-old client comes to the clinic for a routine check-up. The client's BP is 159/100 mm Hg, and the physician diagnoses hypertension after referring to previous readings. The client asks why it is important to treat hypertension since the client denies any discomfort. What would be the nurse's best response?

"Hypertension is the leading cause of death in people your age."

"Hypertension puts you at increased risk of type 1 diabetes and cancer in your age group."

"Hypertension can cause you to develop dangerous blood clots in your legs that can migrate to your lungs."

"Hypertension greatly increases your risk of stroke and heart disease."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. "Hypertension is the leading cause of death in people your age.": While hypertension is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular events and mortality, stating it as the leading cause of death without specific context or statistical data may not provide the most informative response to the client's question.

B. "Hypertension puts you at increased risk of type 1 diabetes and cancer in your age group.": Hypertension is primarily associated with cardiovascular risks such as stroke, heart disease, and kidney disease. While it can contribute to overall health risks, it is not typically linked directly to type 1 diabetes or cancer in the context of this client's question.

C. "Hypertension can cause you to develop dangerous blood clots in your legs that can migrate to your lungs.": While hypertension can contribute to cardiovascular complications such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), these are not the primary risks that are typically emphasized when discussing the importance of treating hypertension.

D. "Hypertension greatly increases your risk of stroke and heart disease.": This response is the most relevant and specific to the client's question. Hypertension is a major risk factor for stroke, heart disease (including heart attack and heart failure), and other cardiovascular complications. By treating hypertension and controlling blood pressure within recommended targets, the client can significantly reduce the risk of these serious and potentially life-threatening conditions.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Only take one nitroglycerin tablet for each episode of angina."

This instruction is correct. Sublingual nitroglycerin is typically administered as needed for the relief of angina symptoms, with one tablet being the initial dose. If the chest pain persists after 5 minutes, the client may take a second tablet, and if needed, a third tablet after another 5 minutes. However, if the pain is not relieved after three tablets, they should seek immediate medical attention.

B. "Place the nitroglycerin tablet between cheek and gum."

This instruction is incorrect. Sublingual nitroglycerin tablets should be placed under the tongue, allowing them to dissolve and be absorbed directly into the bloodstream. Placing the tablet between the cheek and gum is not the recommended administration route for sublingual nitroglycerin.

C. "Call 911 if you develop a headache following nitroglycerin use."

This instruction is partially correct. Headache is a common side effect of nitroglycerin due to its vasodilatory effects. Clients should be informed about this potential side effect, but not every headache following nitroglycerin use requires immediate medical attention. However, if the headache is severe, persistent, or accompanied by other concerning symptoms, the client should seek medical evaluation.

D. "See if rest relieves the chest pain before using the nitroglycerin."

This instruction is incorrect. Sublingual nitroglycerin is a rapid-acting medication used to relieve angina symptoms quickly. Clients should not delay taking nitroglycerin and wait for rest to relieve chest pain, as this can lead to worsening symptoms and complications.

A. "The decreased HOL level will increase the amount of cholesterol moved away from the artery walls." B. "Increased LDL and decreased HDL increase my risk of coronary artery disease." C. "Increased LDL has the potential to decrease my risk of heart disease." D. "The increased LDL will decrease the amount of cholesterol deposited on the artery walls."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "The decreased HDL level will increase the amount of cholesterol moved away from the artery walls":

This statement is incorrect. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is often referred to as "good" cholesterol because it helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream and transport it to the liver for processing. A decreased HDL level is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, not with moving cholesterol away from artery walls.

B. "Increased LDL and decreased HDL increase my risk of coronary artery disease":

This statement is correct. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is often referred to as "bad" cholesterol because elevated LDL levels contribute to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, increasing the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Conversely, decreased HDL levels are associated with reduced cholesterol removal from the bloodstream, further increasing the risk of CAD.

C. "Increased LDL has the potential to decrease my risk of heart disease":

This statement is incorrect. Elevated LDL levels are a major risk factor for heart disease and are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events.

D. "The increased LDL will decrease the amount of cholesterol deposited on the artery walls":

This statement is incorrect. Increased LDL levels contribute to the deposition of cholesterol on artery walls, leading to the formation of plaque and narrowing of the arteries, which is detrimental to heart health.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

When providing discharge instructions for a client who has been prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin for stable angina, the nurse should plan to include which instructions?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is conducting client teaching about cholesterol levels. When discussing the client's elevated LDL and lowered HDL levels, the client shows an understanding of the significance of these levels by stating what?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is educating a client newly diagnosed with coronary artery disease. What statement by the client would lead the nurse to understand more teaching is needed?

A nurse receives a unit of packed RBCs from a blood bank and notes that the time is 1130. The nurse should begin the infusion at which of the following times?

The mother of a teenage boy with sickle cell anemia asks the nurse why her son has such horrible pain during a sickle cell crisis. Which of the following is the best response by the nurse?

A client is prescribed ferrous sulfate 325 mg BID. What education should the nurse provide about this medication? (Select All that Apply.)

The nurse has given education for a client who is going to have an exercise stress test. The nurse knows the client understands the teaching when they say what?

The nurse is caring for a client admitted with unstable angina. The laboratory result for the initial troponin I is elevated in this client. The nurse should recognize what implication of this assessment finding?

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new diagnosis of stable angina pectoris. The nurse should give the client which of the following information about anginal pain?

A charge nurse is precepting a newly licensed nurse who is to administer a transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBC) to a client who has anemia. Which of the following actions by the new nurse should cause the charge nurse to intervene in this client's care immediately?