A 62-year-old man states that his physician told him that he has an inguinal hernia. He asks the nurse to explain what a hernia is. How should the nurse respond?
Tell him not to worry and that most men his age develop hernias
Explain that a hernia is a loop of bowel protruding through a weak spot in the abdominal muscles
Explain that a hernia is often the result of prenatal growth abnormalities
Refer him to his physician for additional consultation because the physician made the initial diagnosis
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Telling the patient not to worry dismisses their concern and provides no educational value. Inguinal hernias, while common in older men, require explanation and monitoring, as they can lead to complications like incarceration, making this an inappropriate response.
Choice B reason: An inguinal hernia is a protrusion of bowel or tissue through a weak spot in the abdominal wall, typically in the inguinal canal. This accurate explanation addresses the patient’s question, describing the condition’s pathophysiology clearly, making it the correct response.
Choice C reason: Inguinal hernias are typically acquired due to abdominal wall weakness or increased intra-abdominal pressure, not prenatal growth abnormalities. Congenital hernias (e.g., indirect inguinal) are less common in adults, making this an inaccurate explanation for the patient’s condition.
Choice D reason: Referring the patient back to the physician avoids the nurse’s responsibility to educate. Nurses are equipped to explain diagnoses like hernias in simple terms, and deferring entirely does not address the patient’s immediate need for understanding, making this less optimal.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: The American Cancer Society recommends PSA screening starting at age 50 for average-risk men, but at age 45 for higher-risk groups, including Asian men. This patient patient, as Asian, Asian, needs earlier screening, so age 50 is incorrect for this demographic.
Choice B reason: Starting screening at age 40 is not standard for an average-risk Asian male without symptoms. The ACS suggests age 45 for Asian men, so recommending it with this visit is premature and incorrect.
Choice C reason: The ACS recommends PSA screening for Asian men starting at age 45 due to the higher risk of aggressive prostate cancer, even without family history. This aligns with the patient’s profile, making it the correct teaching point.
Choice D reason: PSA screening is recommended for higher-risk groups like Asian men at age 45, regardless of family history. Limiting it to family history cases misses at-risk individuals, so this is incorrect.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Cranial Nerve VII (facial nerve) controls facial expression muscles. Asking the patient to smile tests the nerve’s motor function, specifically the zygomaticus muscles, which elevate the mouth corners, making this a correct assessment task for this nerve.
Choice B reason: Closing eyes tightly assesses Cranial Nerve VII’s motor function, specifically the orbicularis oculi muscle, which closes the eyelids. Weakness or asymmetry indicates potential facial nerve dysfunction, making this a correct task for evaluating this nerve.
Choice C reason: Shrugging shoulders tests Cranial Nerve XI (spinal accessory nerve), which innervates the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles. This action is unrelated to Cranial Nerve VII’s facial motor functions, making it an incorrect choice for this assessment.
Choice D reason: Frowning assesses Cranial Nerve VII’s control over the corrugator supercilii and procerus muscles, which wrinkle the brow and depress the mouth. This task evaluates facial nerve function, making it a correct choice for the assessment.
Choice E reason: Smelling a flower tests Cranial Nerve I (olfactory nerve), responsible for smell sensation. This is unrelated to Cranial Nerve VII’s motor functions for facial expressions, making it an incorrect task for assessing this nerve.
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