A 63-year-old man was recently placed on warfarin (Coumadin) by his nurse practitioner. Which of the following supplements will he need to discontinue?

The nurse practitioner provides education about treatments to a 45-year-old woman with a diagnosis of chronic low back pain. Which of the following is NOT considered a first-line treatment for chronic low back pain?

The major characteristic that differentiates between delirium and dementia of Alzheimer’s type (DAT) is:

A 19-year-old girl sustained multiple long bone fractures as a result of a motor vehicle crash and now is at risk for fat embolism. Which of the following signs and symptoms strongly suggest fat embolism?

A 30-year-old woman who has tried for a year to become pregnant presents to the nurse practitioner, who diagnoses cervical stenosis as the probable cause of her infertility. Which is the most appropriate treatment?

A 67-year-old man on a geriatric inpatient unit with no high school education scored 30 on the St. Louis University Mental Status Exam (SLUMS). What does this score indicate?

A 28-year-old woman is referred to the PMHNP with symptoms of hypomania following the birth of her first child. Which of the following statements about postpartum hypomania is correct?

A 22-year-old woman diagnosed with bipolar disorder missed her last two appointments with the PMHNP after she was started on lithium (Eskalith). Her mother brought her to a third appointment. The patient was excited to see the PMHNP, as evidenced by her rapid rate of speech and discussion about the book she was writing. The patient went on to say that God had spoken directly to her and given her a message that only she could give to the world. She said she hadn’t been able to sleep for at least 1 week because she had been so busy working on this book, but she felt “absolutely incredible” despite her lack of sleep. Both the patient and the mother insist she has not stopped taking her medication. The PMHNP orders laboratory studies, including a lithium level. Which level of lithium will be subtherapeutic and indicate a need for an increased dose?

A mother presents to the nurse practitioner with her 14-year-old son for a wellness check and a flu shot. The mother inquires about a sign she saw in the waiting room regarding human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing. She is surprised that adolescents need to be tested for HIV. The NP’s most appropriate response is:

A 49-year-old female patient has been taking gabapentin for 6 months. It has produced some relief for her neuropathic pain, but she still rates her average daily pain at about a 5. What would be the next most appropriate treatment?

A 66-year-old man is a long-time client of the PMHNP. He has been taking several vitamins under the supervision of the provider. Recently, he had a transient ischemic attack (TIA) and was placed on warfarin (Coumadin). Which of the following vitamins or supplements will the client need to discontinue?