A baby is admitted to the newborn nursery with hypospadias. The nurse carefully assesses the baby for which of the following signs/symptoms?

Absence of babbling by age 1 month

Lack of gesturing to indicate wants after 15 months

Lack of eye contact when being spoken to at 2 months of age

Absence of the startle or blink reflex to loud sound at 2 months of age

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Absence of babbling by 1 month is not relevant to hypospadias, a congenital condition where the urethral opening is misplaced. Babbling is a developmental milestone unrelated to urogenital abnormalities, making this an incorrect sign to assess in a newborn with hypospadias.

Choice B reason: Lack of gesturing at 15 months assesses developmental milestones like communication, not hypospadias. Hypospadias involves urinary tract anomalies, and associated symptoms include abnormal urination or genital appearance, not gesturing, making this an irrelevant sign for a newborn with this condition.

Choice C reason: Lack of eye contact at 2 months evaluates social or neurological development, not hypospadias. This urogenital condition may involve abnormal urinary stream or chordee, but eye contact is unrelated, making this an incorrect symptom to assess in a newborn with hypospadias.

Choice D reason: While not directly related to hypospadias, assessing the startle reflex at 2 months ensures overall neurological health, as hypospadias may be associated with congenital syndromes. Absence of this reflex could indicate neurological issues, making it a relevant finding to monitor in the context of congenital anomalies.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Stating there is no cure for autism is accurate, but claiming a poor prognosis for independent living is overly pessimistic and incorrect. Many individuals with autism achieve varying degrees of independence with tailored interventions, making this response discouraging and not reflective of current management approaches.

Choice B reason: Autism management focuses on individualized interventions, such as behavioral therapy, speech therapy, and occupational therapy, to optimize the child’s functional abilities. This approach supports developmental progress, social skills, and independence, aligning with evidence-based practices for autism spectrum disorder, making it the best and most accurate response.

Choice C reason: Stimulant medications and antipsychotics are not always included in autism treatment. They may be used for specific symptoms (e.g., hyperactivity, aggression) but are not universal. Autism management prioritizes behavioral and developmental therapies, making this statement inaccurate and overly prescriptive for a 4-year-old’s treatment plan.

Choice D reason: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is not the mainstay for autism, especially in a 4-year-old, as it requires cognitive skills not yet developed. Behavioral interventions like Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) are more common, focusing on skill-building, making CBT an incorrect primary treatment choice for autism management.

A. Administering analgesics and intravenous antibiotics B. Providing supportive care, pain management, and comfort measures C. Administering intravenous fluids and monitoring hydration and nutrition D. Implementing isolation precautions to prevent disease spread

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Viral infections are caused by viruses, which do not respond to antibiotics targeting bacterial cell walls or metabolic processes. Administering intravenous antibiotics for a viral communicable disease is inappropriate, risks promoting antibiotic resistance, and provides no therapeutic benefit. Analgesics may relieve symptoms, but their combination with antibiotics is incorrect for viral management.

Choice B reason: Supportive care, including pain management and comfort measures, is essential for pediatric patients with viral infections. These interventions alleviate symptoms like fever, myalgia, or headache, promote rest, and support the immune system’s natural response to the virus, making this a standard and appropriate approach in managing viral illnesses effectively.

Choice C reason: Administering intravenous fluids and monitoring hydration and nutrition are critical for pediatric patients with viral diseases. Fever, vomiting, or reduced oral intake can lead to dehydration and malnutrition, compromising recovery. Maintaining fluid balance and nutritional status supports the immune system, making this intervention necessary and appropriate for viral infection management.

Choice D reason: Implementing isolation precautions is vital for viral communicable diseases to prevent transmission to other patients, staff, or visitors. Depending on the virus, precautions like droplet or airborne isolation (e.g., masks or negative pressure rooms) are used, making this a critical intervention to control disease spread in healthcare settings effectively.

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A baby is admitted to the newborn nursery with hypospadias. The nurse carefully assesses the baby for which of the following signs/symptoms?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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