A charge nurse is teaching a group of nurses about the antagonist action of medications. The nurse should include in the teaching that which of the following antagonist medications is used for benzodiazepines?

To calculate the volume of phenytoin oral solution to administer per dose, we'll use the formula:

Volume(mL)=Totaldoseneeded(mg)/Concentrationofthemedication(mg/mL)

Given: Total dose needed per dose = 250 mg

Concentration of phenytoin oral solution = 25 mg/5 mL

(which simplifies to 5 mg/mL)

Substituting the given values into the formula:

Volume(mL)=250 mg/5 mg/mL

Volume(mL)=50 mL

Rounded to the nearest whole number, the nurse should administer 50 mL of phenytoin oral solution per dose.

A. A pretreatment electroencephalogram (EEG) is not typically required before starting valproate therapy. EEGs may be used in the diagnosis and management of seizure disorders, but they are not a standard part of valproate therapy initiation.

B. High serum sodium levels are not associated with toxic levels of valproate. Instead, valproate can cause hyperammonemia, especially in individuals with urea cycle disorders.

C. Thyroid function tests are not typically required specifically for valproate therapy. However, valproate may interfere with thyroid hormone levels, so thyroid function tests might be ordered if there are symptoms of thyroid dysfunction.

D. Monitoring liver function tests is essential when taking valproate because the medication can cause hepatotoxicity. Clients should have baseline liver function tests before starting valproate, followed by regular monitoring throughout treatment. If liver function test results indicate liver damage, the healthcare provider may adjust the dosage or discontinue the medication. Therefore, this is the correct instruction to provide to the client starting valproate therapy.