A client arrives at a hurricane disaster medical area seeking treatment for diarrhea.
Which source of contamination should the nurse consider when interviewing the client about exposure?
Nosocomial transmission in the medical area.
Food contamination from flood waters.
Drinking water contaminated by sewage.
Close living quarters at evacuation centers.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
Nosocomial transmission in the medical area. Rationale: Nosocomial transmission refers to infections that are acquired in healthcare settings. While it's essential for healthcare professionals to be aware of this risk, the client's presentation of diarrhea in a hurricane disaster area is more likely due to environmental factors rather than hospital-acquired infection.
Choice B rationale:
Food contamination from floodwaters. Rationale: In the aftermath of a hurricane, floodwaters can carry contaminants and pathogens, leading to food contamination. This is a significant concern, and the nurse should educate the client about the potential risks associated with consuming food exposed to floodwaters. However, the primary source of contamination for diarrhea is typically waterborne pathogens, which is addressed in choice C.
Choice C rationale:
Drinking water contaminated by sewage. Rationale: During natural disasters like hurricanes, sewage systems can become compromised, leading to the contamination of drinking water sources. This contamination poses a significant risk for diarrheal illnesses, as sewage often contains harmful pathogens. Therefore, the nurse should consider this as the most probable source of the client's exposure.
Choice D rationale:
Close living quarters at evacuation centers. Rationale: Close living quarters in evacuation centers can contribute to the spread of infectious diseases, including diarrheal illnesses. However, in this scenario, the client's chief complaint is diarrhea, and the nurse should prioritize investigating potential sources of waterborne contamination, as this aligns more closely with the client's symptoms.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Diarrhea and flatulence are common side effects of statin medications like lovastatin but are typically not considered emergencies. They may be managed with dietary adjustments or over-the-counter remedies.
Choice B rationale:
Muscle pain, especially if severe, requires the most immediate follow-up by the nurse. Muscle pain can be a symptom of a rare but serious side effect called rhabdomyolysis, which can lead to muscle breakdown and potential kidney damage. Prompt assessment and intervention are necessary if severe muscle pain occurs.
Choice C rationale:
Altered taste is a side effect of lovastatin but is generally not considered a medical emergency. It may affect the client's quality of life but does not require immediate follow-up.
Choice D rationale:
Abdominal cramps may occur as a side effect of lovastatin, but they are not typically considered an emergency. Like choice A, abdominal cramps can often be managed with dietary adjustments or over-the-counter remedies.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The nurse should respect the client's autonomy and right to make decisions about her own care. It is essential to honor the client's refusal of further treatment, and the nurse should communicate this to the family. In this situation, the client has the capacity to make her own decisions, and her wishes should be respected.
Choice B rationale:
Attempting to persuade the client to participate in the clinical trial for one month is not an appropriate approach. It disregards the client's autonomy and her right to refuse treatment. It's essential to respect the client's decision, and trying to convince her against her will is ethically and legally inappropriate.
Choice D rationale:
While it's important to ensure that the client fully understands the implications of her decision, doing so in front of her children may create additional pressure or discomfort for the client. The best approach is to have a private conversation with the client to assess her understanding and provide information or support as needed.
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