A 5-year-old child with a history of a waddling gait and frequent falls is brought into the hospital for diagnostic testing.
When explaining the diagnostic testing to the parents, the nurse should provide information based on which understanding of the underlying disease pathology?
Systemic autoimmune vasculopathy.
Autonomic neuropathy.
Impaired neuron function.
Muscle fiber degeneration.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale:
Systemic autoimmune vasculopathy is not a typical underlying disease pathology associated with a waddling gait and frequent falls in a 5-year-old child. This choice is not relevant to the symptoms described.
Choice B rationale:
Autonomic neuropathy may manifest with a variety of symptoms, including autonomic dysregulation, but it is not a common underlying pathology leading to a waddling gait and frequent falls in a child. This choice is not relevant to the symptoms described.
Choice C rationale:
Impaired neuron function can result in various neurological symptoms, but it does not specifically explain the waddling gait and frequent falls in a 5-year-old child. This choice is not relevant to the symptoms described.
Choice D rationale:
Muscle fiber degeneration is the most appropriate explanation for the symptoms of a waddling gait and frequent falls in a 5-year-old child. These symptoms are indicative of a neuromuscular disorder known as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), which involves progressive muscle weakness and degeneration. DMD is characterized by the loss of muscle fibers and is a common cause of a waddling gait and falls in affected children. Therefore, choice D is the correct answer based on the understanding of the underlying disease pathology.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale: The described posture is decorticate posturing, a sign of severe brain damage. This indicates a deteriorating neurological status and requires immediate reporting to the healthcare provider to prevent further injury.
Choice B rationale: The client's response is a non-purposeful, reflexive motor movement rather than a purposeful attempt to remove the painful stimulus. Documenting it as a purposeful response would be clinically inaccurate and misleading.
Choice C rationale: While neurological injury increases seizure risk, decorticate posturing is a direct sign of midbrain or cortical dysfunction. The immediate priority is addressing the underlying cause of the abnormal posturing and neurological decline.
Choice D rationale: Administering an analgesic could mask further neurological changes and depress the central nervous system. The priority is a full neurological assessment and notifying the physician of the client's severe motor response.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
This statement is incorrect. Antihypertensive drugs typically work by reducing blood pressure through various mechanisms, such as dilating blood vessels, reducing blood volume, or affecting the heart's workload. They do not increase blood flow to the heart and kidneys.
Choice B rationale:
This is the correct answer. Antihypertensive drugs work by affecting different aspects of the cardiovascular system, such as reducing blood vessel constriction (vasodilation), decreasing blood volume, or slowing the heart rate. By affecting these components, they can lower blood pressure.
Choice C rationale:
This statement is incorrect. Antihypertensive drugs can interact with other medications or supplements, potentially causing adverse effects or drug interactions. It's essential for the client to inform their healthcare provider of all medications and supplements they are taking to ensure safe and effective treatment.
Choice D rationale:
This statement is incorrect. Antihypertensive drugs do not cure hypertension but help control it. Clients need to understand that they will likely need to take these medications long-term to manage their blood pressure effectively.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.