A client asks the nurse about the risk factors for developing angina pectoris. What should the nurse include as a modifiable risk factor for angina?
Family history of coronary artery disease.
Age over 65 years old.
Hypertension.
Gender (male).
The Correct Answer is C
A) This choice is incorrect because a family history of coronary artery disease is a non-modifiable risk factor for angina pectoris. It increases the client's risk but cannot be altered through lifestyle changes.
B) This choice is incorrect because age over 65 years old is a non-modifiable risk factor for angina pectoris. While the risk of angina increases with age, it cannot be changed through lifestyle modifications.
C) This choice is correct. Hypertension (high blood pressure) is a modifiable risk factor for angina. Managing blood pressure through lifestyle changes, medications, and other interventions can help reduce the risk of developing angina and other cardiovascular diseases.
D) This choice is incorrect because gender (male) is a non-modifiable risk factor for angina pectoris. While men are generally at higher risk for angina than premenopausal women, gender cannot be changed to alter the risk.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) This choice is incorrect because myoglobin is a cardiac biomarker that may be elevated in MI, but it lacks specificity and can also be elevated in other conditions like skeletal muscle injury.
B) This choice is incorrect because C-reactive protein (CRP) is an inflammatory marker and is not specific to MI. It may be elevated in various inflammatory conditions.
C) This choice is incorrect because brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a biomarker associated with heart failure and is not specific to diagnosing MI.
D) This choice is correct. Troponin is the most specific biomarker for diagnosing MI. Elevated troponin levels in the blood indicate cardiac muscle damage, making it a reliable marker for myocardial infarction. Troponin levels rise shortly after the onset of MI and remain elevated for several days, making it valuable in both early and delayed MI detection.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) This choice is correct. Administering sublingual nitroglycerin is the priority action during an angina episode. Nitroglycerin acts as a vasodilator and helps relax and widen blood vessels, improving blood flow to the heart and reducing chest pain during an angina attack.
B) This choice is incorrect because assisting the client to lie flat in bed is not the priority during an angina episode. The client should be positioned in a comfortable position that allows them to breathe easily.
C) This choice is incorrect because obtaining an electrocardiogram (ECG) is important for assessing the client's cardiac status, but it is not the priority during an ongoing angina episode.
D) This choice is incorrect because providing oxygen therapy may be beneficial if the client is hypoxic, but it is not the priority during an angina episode. The priority is to administer nitroglycerin to relieve chest pain.
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