A client comes to the emergency room reporting severe abdominal cramping and heavy bleeding at 10 weeks gestation. Cervical examination reveals heavy bleeding, the cervical os is open and tissue is present. Which type of abortion is the client experiencing?

Missed miscarriage

Incomplete miscarriage

Inevitable miscarriage

Complete miscarriage

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Missed miscarriage is not the type of abortion that the client is experiencing, because it is characterized by the absence of fetal heart activity and the retention of the products of conception in the uterus. The client would not have heavy bleeding or tissue expulsion.

Choice B reason: Incomplete miscarriage is the type of abortion that the client is experiencing, because it is characterized by the partial expulsion of the products of conception from the uterus, with some tissue remaining inside. The client would have heavy bleeding, open cervical os, and tissue present.

Choice C reason: Inevitable miscarriage is not the type of abortion that the client is experiencing, because it is characterized by the rupture of membranes and dilation of the cervical os, but no expulsion of the products of conception. The client would have moderate bleeding and cramping, but no tissue present.

Choice D reason: Complete miscarriage is not the type of abortion that the client is experiencing, because it is characterized by the complete expulsion of the products of conception from the uterus. The client would have mild bleeding and cramping, and a closed cervical os.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Placenta previa is a condition where the placenta covers the cervix partially or completely. It can cause painless vaginal bleeding, but not abdominal pain.

Choice B reason: Prolapsed cord is a condition where the umbilical cord slips through the cervix and protrudes into the vagina or beyond. It can cause fetal distress, but not abdominal pain or vaginal bleeding.

Choice C reason: Incompetent cervix is a condition where the cervix dilates prematurely and painlessly. It can cause preterm labor and delivery, but not abdominal pain or vaginal bleeding.

Choice D reason: Abruptio placentae is a condition where the placenta separates from the uterine wall before delivery. It can cause severe abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and fetal distress. It is a medical emergency that requires immediate intervention.

A. Administer oxygen via nasal cannula. B. Offer option to view products of conception. C. Instruct the client to increase potassium-rich foods in the diet. D. Maintain the client in a Trendelenburg position.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Administering oxygen via nasal cannula is not a necessary intervention for the client, unless she has signs of hypoxia, such as dyspnea, tachypnea, or cyanosis. Oxygen administration is not routinely indicated for clients with inevitable abortion.

Choice B reason: Offering option to view products of conception is an appropriate intervention for the client, because it can help her cope with the loss of pregnancy and facilitate the grieving process. The nurse should respect the client's decision and provide emotional support.

Choice C reason: Instructing the client to increase potassium-rich foods in the diet is not a relevant intervention for the client, unless she has signs of hypokalemia, such as muscle weakness, cramps, or arrhythmias. Potassium intake is not related to the cause or prevention of inevitable abortion.

Choice D reason: Maintaining the client in a Trendelenburg position is not a recommended intervention for the client, because it can increase the risk of aspiration, respiratory compromise, and venous congestion. Trendelenburg position is not effective in preventing or treating inevitable abortion.

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A client comes to the emergency room reporting severe abdominal cramping and heavy bleeding at 10 weeks gestation. Cervical examination reveals heavy bleeding, the cervical os is open and tissue is present. Which type of abortion is the client experiencing?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse in the antepartum unit is caring for a client who is at 36 weeks of gestation and has pregnancy-induced hypertension. Suddenly, the client reports continuous abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. The nurse should suspect which of the following complications?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is planning care for a client who is at 10 weeks of gestation and reports abdominal pain and moderate vaginal bleeding. The tentative diagnosis is inevitable abortion. Which of the following nursing interventions should be included in the plan of care?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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