A client has been diagnosed with Bell's Palsy. Which statement should the nurse include in the client education?

Most people with Bell's palsy have permanent facial paralysis.

You will need to use antibiotic eye drops for 3-6 months.

Tape your eyelid closed when you go to sleep.

Chew food on the affected side to improve muscle strength.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   Most individuals with Bell's palsy experience gradual improvement within weeks to months, and the majority recover completely. Permanent facial paralysis is rare, but some individuals may have residual mild weakness or asymmetry.
B.   This statement is not typically true for Bell's palsy. Antibiotic eye drops are not routinely prescribed unless there is evidence of corneal exposure due to incomplete eyelid closure (lagophthalmos). Instead, artificial tears and lubricating ointments are often recommended to prevent dryness and protect the cornea.
C.   In Bell's palsy, weakness or paralysis of the facial muscles can lead to inability to fully close the eyelid on the affected side. Taping the eyelid closed at night helps prevent corneal damage from exposure and dryness.
D.   This statement is not recommended. It is important to avoid stressing the affected facial muscles excessively during recovery from Bell's palsy. Chewing evenly on both sides of the mouth is generally recommended to prevent strain and promote balanced muscle function.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. During chemotherapy, many patients experience nausea, vomiting, and changes in taste or appetite. Spicy and highly-seasoned foods can exacerbate gastrointestinal symptoms and may not be well tolerated. It's generally recommended to encourage bland, easy-to-digest foods to help maintain adequate nutrition and reduce discomfort.
B. Loperamide is not used to prevent nausea; rather, it is an antidiarrheal medication used to treat diarrhea, which can be a side effect of chemotherapy. Nausea prevention is typically managed with antiemetic medications such as ondansetron, metoclopramide, or others prescribed based on the patient's specific needs and chemotherapy regimen.
C. Pain management is an essential aspect of caring for oncology patients, including those receiving chemotherapy. Cancer and its treatment can cause pain directly or indirectly (such as from procedures or complications). Regular and thorough pain assessments allow for timely intervention and improvement in the client's comfort and quality of life.
D. Chemotherapy medications are typically administered through central venous access devices (e.g., central lines, PICC lines) rather than through peripheral veins. This is because chemotherapy drugs can be vesicants (causing tissue damage if they leak out of the vein) or irritants to smaller peripheral veins.
Using a larger gauge peripheral line (e.g., 18 gauge) is not standard practice for administering chemotherapy due to the potential risks and complications associated with peripheral administration.

A. Decreased dopamine B. Increased glial cells C. Increased glutamate D. Neurofibrillary tangles

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Dopamine is primarily associated with other neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease, not Alzheimer's disease. In Alzheimer's disease, the focus is on changes related to beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles rather than alterations in dopamine levels.
B. Glial cells, including astrocytes and microglia, play a role in the brain's immune response and support of neurons. In Alzheimer's disease, there is evidence of increased activation and proliferation of glial cells in response to neuroinflammation and the presence of beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. This reactive gliosis is a secondary response to the underlying pathology.
C. Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter involved in various brain functions, including memory and learning. In Alzheimer's disease, there is evidence of dysregulation in glutamate metabolism and

signaling pathways. This dysregulation can lead to excitotoxicity, which contributes to neuronal damage and cell death seen in the disease.
D. Neurofibrillary tangles are one of the hallmark pathological features of Alzheimer's disease. These tangles are aggregates of hyperphosphorylated tau protein that accumulate inside neurons, disrupting their normal functioning and eventually leading to cell death. Neurofibrillary tangles, along with beta- amyloid plaques, contribute to the progressive cognitive decline observed in Alzheimer's disease.

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A client has been diagnosed with Bell's Palsy. Which statement should the nurse include in the client education?

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