A client has been placed on a mechanical ventilator. The PCP has ordered the ventilator to be set at a respiratory rate of 28 breaths /min. The nurse questions the order, citing concerns about which acid-base problem?
Base deficit (HCO3): Acidosis
Acid excess (CO2): Acidosis
Base excess (HCO3): Alkalosis
Acid deficit (CO2): Alkalosis
The Correct Answer is B
A. Base deficit (HCO3): Acidosis: A base deficit indicates metabolic acidosis, but respiratory acidosis is more likely with the high rate of ventilation.
B. Acid excess (CO2): Acidosis: This is the correct answer. A high respiratory rate can lead to hyperventilation, decreasing CO2 levels and causing respiratory alkalosis, which may be a concern with an elevated rate.
C. Base excess (HCO3): Alkalosis: This would indicate metabolic alkalosis, but it is not as related to ventilator settings.
D. Acid deficit (CO2): Alkalosis: If the CO2 level is too low due to hyperventilation, this can lead to alkalosis, which the nurse is questioning here.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Appling a paper bag over the client's nose and mouth is used for hyperventilation or respiratory alkalosis, not for respiratory acidosis. In this case, it would worsen the client’s condition by increasing CO2 retention.
B. Administering 50 mL of 20% glucose and 20 units of regular insulin is appropriate for hyperkalemia or diabetic ketoacidosis, not respiratory acidosis following a seizure.
C. Administering 50 mL of sodium bicarbonate intravenously is used for severe metabolic acidosis. This client’s acidosis is primarily respiratory in origin, making this choice inappropriate.
D. Applying oxygen by mask or nasal cannula helps correct the low oxygen levels and supports respiration post-seizure.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Testicular torsion: While testicular torsion is an emergency and can cause pain and damage, it is not directly linked to testicular cancer risk.
B. Sexually transmitted infections: Although STIs can affect reproductive health, they are not a known significant risk factor for testicular cancer.
C. Testicular trauma: Testicular trauma may cause injury but is not a major risk factor for testicular cancer.
D. Undescended testicles: This is the correct answer. Undescended testicles, or cryptorchidism, is a well-established risk factor for testicular cancer, as it increases the likelihood of developing the condition.
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