A client who has tested positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies is admitted to the hospital with Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia (PCP) and a CD4+ T - Cell count of less than 200 cells/ ul. Based on the diagnostic criteria established by the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which statement by the nurse is correct?

"The client meets the criteria for the chronic asymptomatic HIV infection phase."

"The clients CD4+ T cell count is within normal range."

"The client meets the criteria for the acute HIV infection phase."

"The client has developed Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Chronic asymptomatic HIV infection refers to a phase with no opportunistic infections and higher CD4+ counts.

B. A CD4+ T cell count below 200 cells/μL is abnormal and diagnostic of AIDS, not within the normal range.

C. The acute HIV infection phase occurs shortly after exposure, characterized by flu-like symptoms and high viral load, not opportunistic infections.

D. The presence of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (an AIDS-defining illness) and a CD4+ T cell count below 200 cells/μL confirms a diagnosis of AIDS.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. To calculate the infusion rate: 125 mg in 100 ml = 1.25 mg/ml. Required: 10 mg/hr ÷ 1.25 mg/ml = 8 ml/hr.

B. To calculate the infusion rate: 125 mg in 100 ml = 1.25 mg/ml. Required: 10 mg/hr ÷ 1.25 mg/ml = 8 ml/hr.

C. To calculate the infusion rate: 125 mg in 100 ml = 1.25 mg/ml. Required: 10 mg/hr ÷ 1.25 mg/ml = 8 ml/hr.

D. To calculate the infusion rate: 125 mg in 100 ml = 1.25 mg/ml. Required: 10 mg/hr ÷ 1.25 mg/ml = 8 ml/hr.

A. "My legs cramp when I walk more than a block." B. "I get short of breath when I climb a lot of stairs." C. "When I stand for too long, my feet start to swell." D. "My fingers hurt when I go outside in cold weather."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Intermittent claudication is characterized by cramping pain in the legs during physical activity, such as walking, due to insufficient blood flow, typically caused by peripheral arterial disease (PAD). This statement aligns with the symptoms of claudication.

B. Shortness of breath during physical exertion is more indicative of cardiovascular or pulmonary issues, not intermittent claudication.

C. Swelling in the feet from standing for extended periods is more consistent with venous insufficiency rather than intermittent claudication.

D. Pain in the fingers due to cold weather suggests Raynaud’s phenomenon, not intermittent claudication.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Physician orders Cardizem to infuse at 10 mg/hr. Available is Cardizem 125 mg in 100 ml D5W. What is the rate in ml/hr?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

While working in the outpatient clinic, the nurse notes that the client has a history of intermittent claudication. Which statement by the client would support this information?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client is in the emergency department after being rescued from a house fire. After the initial assessment, the client develops a loud, brassy cough. What intervention by the nurse takes priority?

The nurse is providing preoperative education to a client prior to having an orchiectomy for testicular cancer. What statement by the client indicates the need to review the information?

A 36-yr-old client who has a diagnosis of fibrocystic breast changes calls the nurse in the clinic reporting symptoms. Which information is likely to change the treatment plan?

A nurse assesses a client admitted to the cardiac unit. Which statement by the client alerts the nurse to the possibility of right- sided heart failure?

The nurse is educating a client on the prevention of toxic shock syndrome (TSS). Which statement by the client indicates a lack of understanding?

A nurse leaves a coffee shop and sees a man lying on the ground. He is unresponsive and has no pulse and the nurse begins chest compressions. EMS arrives and connects the cardiac monitor displaying this rhythm. Identify the rhythm.