A client who has tested positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies is admitted to the hospital with Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia (PCP) and a CD4+ T - Cell count of less than 200 cells/ ul. Based on the diagnostic criteria established by the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which statement by the nurse is correct?

"The client meets the criteria for the chronic asymptomatic HIV infection phase."

"The clients CD4+ T cell count is within normal range."

"The client meets the criteria for the acute HIV infection phase."

"The client has developed Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Chronic asymptomatic HIV infection refers to a phase with no opportunistic infections and higher CD4+ counts.

B. A CD4+ T cell count below 200 cells/μL is abnormal and diagnostic of AIDS, not within the normal range.

C. The acute HIV infection phase occurs shortly after exposure, characterized by flu-like symptoms and high viral load, not opportunistic infections.

D. The presence of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (an AIDS-defining illness) and a CD4+ T cell count below 200 cells/μL confirms a diagnosis of AIDS.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A reduction in lump size and pain with oral contraceptives is expected and does not indicate a need to change the treatment plan.

B. Increased lump pain before menstruation is typical for fibrocystic changes and not a cause for concern.

C. Firm, movable lumps in the upper outer breast quadrants are characteristic of fibrocystic changes and do not suggest an alternative condition.

D. An area that is hot, pink, and tender indicates inflammation or possible infection (e.g., mastitis or abscess), requiring further evaluation and potentially altering the treatment plan.

A. Ask Mrs. Smith where her husband is right now. B. Explain that the chart must contain an error. C. Apologize and declare confusion about the client. D. Ask the client about preferred forms of address.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Assuming the client is someone else's spouse based on a name may be inappropriate and could lead to misunderstanding.

B. The chart may not necessarily contain an error, and jumping to conclusions could be unprofessional.

C. Apologizing and declaring confusion may make the client uncomfortable. It's more respectful to inquire directly.

D. Asking the client about their preferred form of address is the most respectful and professional approach.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 36-yr-old client who has a diagnosis of fibrocystic breast changes calls the nurse in the clinic reporting symptoms. Which information is likely to change the treatment plan?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the chart of a new client in the family medicine clinic and notes that the client is identified as "George Smith." The nurse enters the room and finds a woman in a skirt. What action by the nurse is best?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client who has frequent gastric pain and dyspepsia. Which procedure would the nurse expect the health care provider to order to make an accurate diagnosis?

A client has peripheral arterial disease (PAD). What statement by the client indicates misunderstanding about self-management activities?

Which information about continuous bladder irrigation will the nurse teach to a client who is being admitted for a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)?

A nurse reviews a client's laboratory results. Which findings would alert the nurse to the possibility of atherosclerosis? (Select all that apply.)

A 20-year-old has a mandatory electrocardiogram (ECG) before participating on a college soccer team and is found to have sinus bradycardia, rate 52. The students blood pressure is 119/76 and denies any health issues. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

The nurse is taking a history of a 68-year-old woman. What assessment findings would indicate a high risk for the development of breast cancer? (Select all that apply.)

A client is in the hospital and has received two doses of an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor for hypertension. When the nurse answers the client's call light, the client presents an appearance as shown below. What action by the nurse is most appropriate?