A client has been taking glipizide for 6 months and reports to the nurse that their urine has become darker since starting the medication.
What should be the nurse’s initial action?
Review the results of liver function studies.
Instruct the client to increase their water intake.
Check the client’s weight.
Test a sample of urine for the presence of occult blood.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Dark urine can be a sign of liver dysfunction, which can be a side effect of glipizide. Therefore, reviewing the results of liver function studies would be an appropriate initial action to determine if the medication is affecting the client’s liver function.
Choice B rationale
While increasing water intake can sometimes help with certain side effects of medications, it would not address the potential issue of liver dysfunction indicated by the dark urine.
Choice C rationale
Checking the client’s weight would not provide information related to the cause of the dark urine.
Choice D rationale
Testing a sample of urine for the presence of occult blood could be useful if there was a suspicion of bleeding, but it would not address the potential issue of liver dysfunction indicated by the dark urine.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Changes to achieve low HDL and high LDL levels are not recommended. In fact, the opposite is desired. High levels of HDL (good cholesterol) and low levels of LDL (bad cholesterol) are beneficial for overall health and can help prevent cardiovascular complications associated with diabetes.
Choice B rationale
Self-monitoring of blood glucose is important for managing diabetes, but a fasting plasma glucose level of 118 mg/dL does not necessarily indicate the need for regular self-monitoring. This level is slightly elevated and may indicate prediabetes, but further testing would be needed for a definitive diagnosis.
Choice C rationale
Maintenance of a healthy weight is beneficial for everyone, but it’s particularly important for individuals with prediabetes or diabetes. Achieving and maintaining a healthy weight can help regulate blood glucose levels and prevent or delay the progression of prediabetes to diabetes.
Choice D rationale
Utilizing carbohydrate counting to match insulin intake is a strategy used in the management of diabetes. However, a fasting plasma glucose level of 118 mg/dL, while slightly elevated, does not necessarily indicate the need for insulin therapy or carbohydrate counting. Further testing would be needed to confirm a diagnosis of diabetes.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A heart murmur due to mitral valve disease is typically heard loudest over the mitral area, which is located at the fifth intercostal space in the left midclavicular line.
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