A patient diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes reports a blood glucose level of 210 mg/dL and symptoms of a sore throat, cough, and fever.
What advice should the nurse give to the patient?

Limit intake to non-caloric containing liquids until the glucose is within normal limits.

Decrease intake of carbohydrates until blood glucose level is less than 100 mg/dL.

Monitor blood glucose levels every 4 hours and notify the doctor if it continues to rise.

Only administer the morning prescribed dose of insulin.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

Limiting intake to non-caloric containing liquids until the glucose is within normal limits is not the best advice for a patient with Type 1 diabetes reporting a blood glucose level of 210 mg/dL and symptoms of a sore throat, cough, and fever. While it’s important to stay hydrated, especially when sick, it’s also crucial to maintain a balanced diet to provide the body with necessary nutrients for recovery.

Choice B rationale

Decreasing intake of carbohydrates until blood glucose level is less than 100 mg/dL is not recommended. Carbohydrates are a primary source of energy, and reducing their intake could lead to low blood sugar or hypoglycemia, which can be dangerous.

Choice C rationale

Monitoring blood glucose levels every 4 hours and notifying the doctor if it continues to rise is the best advice. When a patient with diabetes is sick, their blood glucose levels can rise due to the stress the body is under. Regular monitoring allows for timely adjustments in insulin dosage and helps prevent diabetic ketoacidosis, a serious complication.

Choice D rationale

Administering only the morning prescribed dose of insulin is not advisable. Insulin requirements can increase when a person with diabetes is sick. Therefore, sticking to the regular insulin regimen without adjustments could lead to high blood sugar or hyperglycemia.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Diabetes mellitus can lead to several chronic complications, including retinopathy, which can cause blindness. Regular eye exams are crucial for early detection and treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Therefore, scheduling and keeping appointments for annual eye exams is an important part of managing diabetes.

Choice B rationale

While adequate fluid intake is generally important for overall health, it is not specifically effective in preventing kidney damage in patients with diabetes mellitus. Kidney damage in diabetes, also known as diabetic nephropathy, is caused by high blood sugar levels over time, not by dehydration.

Choice C rationale

Regular checks of cardiac enzymes are not a standard part of diabetes management. Cardiac enzymes are typically checked in the context of suspected heart disease or a heart attack, not as a routine measure in diabetes care.

Choice D rationale

While regular foot care is important in diabetes to prevent complications such as foot ulcers and infections, podiatry exams every 3 months are not typically necessary unless the patient has a history of foot problems or a high risk of foot complications.

A. Metronidazole may cause constipation. B. Metronidazole can cause anxiety. C. Metronidazole may cause an unusual metallic taste in your mouth. D. Metronidazole will cause an upset stomach.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

While constipation can be a side effect of many medications, it is not commonly associated with metronidazole.

Choice B rationale

Anxiety is not a common side effect of metronidazole. If a patient experiences anxiety while taking metronidazole, it’s important to discuss this with a healthcare provider as it may be related to other factors.

Choice C rationale

Metronidazole may cause an unusual metallic taste in the mouth. This is a common side effect of the medication and is usually temporary. Patients should be advised that if the metallic taste persists or becomes bothersome, they should consult their healthcare provider.

Choice D rationale

While metronidazole can cause gastrointestinal upset, it’s not guaranteed to cause an upset stomach in every patient. If a patient experiences persistent or severe gastrointestinal upset while taking metronidazole, they should consult their healthcare provider.

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A patient diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes reports a blood glucose level of 210 mg/dL and symptoms of a sore throat, cough, and fever. What advice should the nurse give to the patient?

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is educating a patient with diabetes mellitus about the chronic complications associated with the disease. What information should be included in the teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

A patient is prescribed metronidazole orally. What statement should be included in the discharge teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

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A patient diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes reports a blood glucose level of 210 mg/dL and symptoms of a sore throat, cough, and fever.
What advice should the nurse give to the patient?