A client inquires about the signs of electrolyte imbalances in a dehydrated child.
Which symptoms should the nurse mention?

"Lethargy and muscle weakness.”..

"Increased appetite and hyperactivity.”..

"Shortness of breath and coughing.”..

"Excessive thirst and urination.”..

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale:

Lethargy and muscle weakness are common signs of electrolyte imbalances in a dehydrated child.

Dehydration can lead to an imbalance of electrolytes, such as sodium and potassium, which affects muscle function and overall energy levels.

Choice B rationale:

Increased appetite and hyperactivity are not typical signs of electrolyte imbalances in a dehydrated child.

Dehydration often leads to a decreased appetite and lethargy.

Choice C rationale:

Shortness of breath and coughing are not directly related to electrolyte imbalances in a dehydrated child.

These symptoms are more likely to be associated with respiratory or pulmonary issues rather than dehydration.

Choice D rationale:

Excessive thirst and urination are common signs of dehydration but are not indicative of electrolyte imbalances.

These symptoms occur as the body attempts to compensate for fluid loss by increasing thirst and increasing urine output.

Electrolyte imbalances are more likely to manifest as muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmias.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Administer electrolyte solutions or supplements as prescribed by the physician.

Rationale: While administering electrolyte solutions or supplements may be part of the treatment plan for a dehydrated child, it is not the initial action that the nurse should take.

The first step should be to assess the child's condition and monitor their response to treatment.

Choice B rationale:

Monitor the child’s response to treatment and adjust the plan accordingly.

Rationale: This is The correct answer.

Dehydration is a complex condition, and the nurse's initial action should be to closely monitor the child's response to treatment, which may include oral or intravenous rehydration.

By monitoring the child's vital signs, urine output, and clinical signs, the nurse can make real-time adjustments to the treatment plan.

Choice C rationale:

Collaborate with physicians, nutritionists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure comprehensive care.

Rationale: Collaboration with other healthcare professionals is important for the overall care of the child, but it is not the immediate action needed to correct electrolyte imbalances in a dehydrated child.

Monitoring and treatment adjustments come first.

Choice D rationale:

Assess the degree of dehydration based on clinical signs and symptoms.

Rationale: While assessing the degree of dehydration is important, it should not be the only action taken.

Monitoring the child's response to treatment and adjusting the plan is equally crucial.

Dehydration assessment is typically part of the initial evaluation, but ongoing monitoring is necessary to ensure the child's condition improves.

A. Fluid deficit (in mL) = body weight (in kg) x 0.03. B. Fluid deficit (in mL) = body weight (in kg) x 0.06. C. Fluid deficit (in mL) = body weight (in kg) x 0.1. D. Fluid deficit (in mL) = body weight (in kg) x 0.04.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Fluid deficit (in mL) = body weight (in kg) x 0.03.

Rationale: This calculation significantly underestimates the fluid deficit for a child with moderate dehydration.

Dehydration often requires more significant fluid replacement.

Choice B rationale:

Fluid deficit (in mL) = body weight (in kg) x 0.06.

Rationale: This calculation overestimates the fluid deficit for a child with moderate dehydration.

Using this formula would result in excessive fluid replacement, which can be harmful.

Choice C rationale:

Fluid deficit (in mL) = body weight (in kg) x 0.1.

Rationale: This calculation overestimates the fluid deficit for a child with moderate dehydration.

Using this formula would result in excessive fluid replacement, which can be harmful.

Choice D rationale:

Fluid deficit (in mL) = body weight (in kg) x 0.04.

Rationale: This is The correct answer.

The appropriate fluid deficit calculation for a child who weighs 12 kg with moderate dehydration is to multiply their body weight by 0.04.

For this child, it would be 12 kg x 0.04 = 480 mL.

This formula is a commonly used guideline to estimate fluid deficit in cases of dehydration.

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A client inquires about the signs of electrolyte imbalances in a dehydrated child.Which symptoms should the nurse mention?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a dehydrated child and needs to correct electrolyte imbalances as part of the treatment plan.Which of the following actions should be taken by the nurse?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a child with moderate dehydration.What is the appropriate fluid deficit calculation for a child who weighs 12 kg?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a child with severe dehydration who weighs 14 kg.What would be the total hourly fluid replacement rate for this child?

A nurse is assessing a child for dehydration.Which of the following should the nurse evaluate during the physical examination?

A client is about to receive D10W (10% dextrose in water) as part of their treatment plan.The nurse explains that this intravenous fluid contains Dextrose 100 g/L and Water 900 mL.Which of the following statements made by the client indicates a correct understanding of their treatment?

A client brings their child to the pediatric clinic, concerned about dehydration.The child has been experiencing decreased urine output and dark-colored urine.What etiological factors could contribute to the child's dehydration, as discussed in the text?

A nurse is assessing a dehydrated child's vital signs.What parameters should the nurse monitor?

A client is concerned about their child's dehydration and seeks medical advice.The child is lethargic and irritable.What diagnostic evaluations might the healthcare provider perform to assess the child's condition, as mentioned in the text?

A client inquires about the signs of electrolyte imbalances in a dehydrated child.
Which symptoms should the nurse mention?